Study on hydrological processes in a soil-plant-atmosphere

土壤-植物-大气中的水文过程研究

• 批准号: 08408003
• 负责人: TANAKA Tadashi
• 金额: $ 7.3万
• 依托单位: University of Tsukuba
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1998
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08408003/
• 关键词: Soil-plant-atmosphere continuum; Hydrological processes; Transpiration; Water potential; Water stored in a stem; Resistivity tomography; Soil water; Sr isotope; 実蒸散量; Granier法; ヒートパルス法; 土壌水; ゼロフラックス面; 比抵抗トモグラフィー法; 安定同位体比; ストロンチウム同位体; 水輸送 /

The results of the study indicate that the water stored in a stem of woody plant shows dynamic behavior in both diurnal and daily variations in volumetric water content and the water acts important role in a transpiration process. In the case of Japanese red pine, the water stored in the stem contributes about 10 to 20 % to the consumed water volume in the transpiration process. The results also indicate that there exists a threshold value in water potential between the root and the upper part of the stem when it begins to contribute of the water stored in the stem to transpiration.In the study, it succeeded to visualize the soil water behavior in three-dimensional space using the resistivity tomography method. It is considered that this method will be superior in elucidation of the actual condition of water movement through the soil to the plant in near future studies. Furthermore, in the study, not only summarize the effectiveness of strontium isotope technique in the acid rain studies but also summarize the role of forest in the hydrological cycle of a basin from view points of precipitation recycling and the role of stemflow, and the results of the study were presented at several domestic and international conferences.

研究结果表明，木本植物茎中贮存的水分在体积含水量的日变化和日变化中都表现出动态变化，水分在蒸腾过程中起着重要作用。在日本赤松的情况下，储存在茎中的水占蒸腾过程中消耗的水量的约10%至20%。研究结果还表明，当茎中储存的水分开始用于蒸腾作用时，茎上部与根部之间的水势存在一个阈值。本研究成功地利用电阻率层析成像方法在三维空间中可视化了土壤水分行为。认为在今后的研究中，这种方法在阐明水分通过土壤向植物运动的实际情况方面具有上级优势。此外，本研究不仅总结了锶同位素技术在酸雨研究中的有效性，还从降水再循环和树干径流的角度总结了森林在流域水文循环中的作用，并在国内外多个会议上发表了研究成果。

项目成果

田中正・小林義和: "土壌-植物-大気連続系の水輸送に果たす樹木の役割に関する研究動向" 筑波大学地球環境変化特別プロジェクト研究報告集. NO.4-1. 78-96 (1997)

Tadashi Tanaka 和 Yoshikazu Kobayashi：“树木在土壤-植物-大气连续体中水传输作用的研究趋势”筑波大学全球环境变化特别项目研究报告 NO.4-96（1997 年）。

Nakano,T.and Tanaka,T.: "Strontium isotope constrsints on the seasonal variation of the provenance of base cetions in rain water at Kawakami,central Japan" A tmospheric Environment. 31. 4237-4245 (1997)

Nakano,T. 和 Tanaka,T.：“锶同位素对日本中部川上雨水中碱基浓度来源季节变化的限制”大气环境。

Tanaka,T.: "The role of forests in the hydrological cycle of a rasin" UNESCO IHP Report of the Project on the Hydrodogy of Fercstation of the Dry Lands. (印刷中). (1999)

Tanaka, T.：“森林在雷辛水文循环中的作用”联合国教科文组织国际水文计划旱地水文学项目报告（1999 年）。

濱田洋平・小林義和・田中正: "カラマツおよびミズナラ林土壌における根糸分布" 筑波大学農林技術センター講習林報告. No.13. 103-118 (1997)

Yohei Hamada、Yoshikazu Kobayashi、Tadashi Tanaka：“落叶松和栎树橡树林土壤中的根丝分布”筑波大学农林技术中心培训森林报告第13. 103-118号。

Tsujimura,M.and Tanaka,T.: "Evaluation of evaporation rate from forested soil surface using stable isotpiec composition of soil water in a headwater basin" Hydrological Proceses. 12. 2093-2103 (1998)

Tsujimura,M. 和 Tanaka,T.：“利用源头盆地土壤水的稳定等位组成来评估森林土壤表面的蒸发速率”水文过程。