Development of new cyclic loading ring shear apparatus

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Landslides triggered by earthquakes have caused great disasters in the world. Time prediction of earthquakes could not reduce those landslide disasters. Prediction of landslides are very necessary. This research has developed a new apparatus to reproduce the stress and strain reaching to a sliding surface, and the resulting rapid shear displacement in slopes during earthquakes.The test procedures are 1) setting samples in the shear box, 2) loading the static stress similar to the stress in the slope under the drained condition 3) loading seismic stress under the undrained condition 4) monitoring the resulting shear displacement and the generated pore pressure.The Ontake landslide triggered by the 1984 Naganoken-Seibu earthquake was reproduced using the samples of pumice taken from the landslide area. We took samples from the Galdian landslide and the Fatalok landslide caused by 1980 Iran earthquake and also reproduced the observed landslides.Then, we investigated the Lishan mountain behind the Royal Palace in Xian, China which has a precursor landslide phenomena and the possibility to cause a catastrophic landslide, and tested the sample of loess taken from this slope. The result gave a critical seismic acceleration to cause landslides and the mobilized friction during motion.