Bifurcations and Lateral Shift of Stream Channels Following to Heavy Sediment Deposit

重泥沙沉积后河道的分叉和横向移动

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    03650422
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 1.15万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    日本
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
  • 财政年份:
    1991
  • 资助国家:
    日本
  • 起止时间:
    1991 至 1992
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

In relation to stream channel bifurcations and shifts caused by sediment deposit near the center of alluvial fans, changes in multiple sand bars were tried to predict from an equation for bar height estimation and an existing linear stability theory. Experiments of these stream channel process were carried out in an apparatus with both steep and mild slope reaches. In case that no stream channel was cut in the mild slope part, sediment transport capacity in the upstream reach and large amount of sediment deposit on the downstream part, but only such simple sediment deposit did not cause channel shifts and bifurcations.Data and document of bank erosion and sand bar change of the Brahmaputra and the Meghna rivers in Bangladesh were examined on difference between stream channel change in braided and non-braided large rivers conveying enormous amount of sediment. Channel changes are very active in the Brahmaputra river and severe bank erosion is accompanied with prominent bar deformations. Detailed inspection of bank slope shapes and two dimensional flood flow analysis in the Meghna river indicated that active bank erosion and bed scour parts correspond to those with high flow velocities. Bank erosion process observed in the Uji river, a main tributary of the Yodo river, was elucidated from both hydraulic and soil mechanic viewpoints. Erosion of bank slopes higher than 7 m are accelerated by slip failure which carries bank materials directly to the main stream part.Experiments on stream channel process with heavy sediment deposit and its control on alluvial delta were conducted. Flows in original channels were obstructed by sediment depositions and they change their course to new channels. The process were studied by one and two dimensional models of river bed variations. Results of the latter model showed a good agreement with experimental observations.
针对冲积扇中心附近沉积物存款引起的河道分叉和移动,尝试从沙坝高度估算方程和现有的线性稳定性理论预测多个沙坝的变化。在陡坡段和缓坡段的装置中进行了这些河道过程的实验。在缓坡段不开挖河道,上游河段输沙能力大,下游河段大量泥沙存款的情况下,但这种简单的沉积物存款并没有引起河道的变迁和分叉。通过对孟加拉国雅鲁藏布江和梅克纳河的河岸侵蚀和沙坝变迁的资料和文献的分析,比较了辫状河和非辫状河河道变迁的差异,纵横交错的大河输送着大量的泥沙。雅鲁藏布江河道变化非常活跃,严重的河岸侵蚀伴随着显著的沙坝变形。对梅克纳河河岸形状的详细检查和二维洪水流量分析表明,活跃的河岸侵蚀和河床冲刷部分对应于高流速的部分。从水力学和土壤力学两个方面阐述了淀川的主要支流宇治川的河岸侵蚀过程。在高7 m以上的岸坡上,滑动破坏会加速岸坡的侵蚀,并将岸坡物质直接带到干流部分。进行了冲积三角洲重存款河道演变及其控制的试验研究。原来河道中的水流受到泥沙沉积的阻碍,改变流向新的河道。通过一、二维河床演变模型研究了这一过程。后一种模型的结果与实验观察结果吻合较好。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(15)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
藤田 裕一郎・永田 順宏・村本 嘉雄: "多列砂州の形成・変化過程と細砂河床の影響" 水工学論文集. 36. 23-28 (1992)
藤田雄一郎、永田义宏、村本义雄:“多排沙洲的形成、变化过程及细砂河床的影响”水利学报,36. 23-28(1992)。
  • DOI:
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    0
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Fujita, Y., Yahiro, Y. and Muramoto, Y.: "Bank erosion in the low water course of the Uji river, a main tributary of the Yodo river." Proc., Hydraulic Eng., JSCE. Vol.37. 649-656 (1993)
Fujita, Y.、Yahiro, Y. 和 Muramoto, Y.:“宇治河(淀川的主要支流)低水道的河岸侵蚀。”
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    0
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Fujita, Y., Yahiro, Y. and Muramoto, Y.: "Processes of river bank erosion during flood" Proc. US-Asia Conf. on Eng. for Mitigating Natural Hazard Damage. F03. 1-8 (1992)
Fujita, Y.、Yahiro, Y. 和 Muramoto, Y.:“洪水期间河岸侵蚀的过程”Proc。
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    0
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澤井 健二: "潮汐を利用した貯水池による河口堆砂制御に関する研究" 平成4年度土木学会関西支部年次学術講演会講演概要. (1992)
泽井健二:《利用潮汐水库控制河口泥沙的研究》日本土木工程学会关西分会1992年学术年会摘要(1992)。
  • DOI:
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  • 影响因子:
    0
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村本 嘉雄: "バングラデシュ諸河川の河道変動について" 京都大学防災研究所年報. 35. (1992)
村本义夫:《论孟加拉国河道变化》京都大学防灾研究所年度报告35。(1992)
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FUJITA Yuichiro其他文献

FUJITA Yuichiro的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('FUJITA Yuichiro', 18)}}的其他基金

Clarification of Vortex Formations and Velocity Fluctuations in Rivers by Detailed Measurement and Their Applications
详细测量阐明河流涡流形成和流速脉动及其应用
  • 批准号:
    22560510
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.15万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Erosion Process of High River Bank Exposed to Large Water Level Changes
水位大变化下高河岸的侵蚀过程
  • 批准号:
    06452416
  • 财政年份:
    1994
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.15万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
Development of an Observation System of Flood Flows by a Flowing Measurement Capsule
流动测量舱洪水流量观测系统的研制
  • 批准号:
    06558057
  • 财政年份:
    1994
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.15万
  • 项目类别:
    Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B)
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