Development of an Observation System of Flood Flows by a Flowing Measurement Capsule

在简要回顾洪水流量空间连续观测的基础上，论述了利用测量胶囊进行洪水现象观测的优点，并对现有测量胶囊的改进进行了探讨，明确了测量胶囊的操纵与操纵、定位与控制、测量数据的采集与传输等问题。将太空舱的驱动单元替换为无线电控制装置，以提高其转向性能，以便在测量后收集。为了确定太空舱的位置，引入了简化的全球定位系统(GPS)，并在河段进行了测试。该系统具有较高的精度。在数据采集方面，尝试了一种特定低功耗的无线系统，以弥补《无线电报法》的局限性。该系统可用于胶囊及其测量仪器的控制。现有的移动遥测系统对于这样一个带有太空舱的简单观测系统来说是相当不方便的。据报道，他们准备在卡科河的支流曼甘吉河进行野外观测，但不幸的是，他们没有在短期内进行观测。

After a brief review on spatially continuous observation of flood flows, advantages of an observation system of flood phenomena using a measurement capsule which is conveyed downstream with flood flow and collected after the measurement of a certain reach of a river.Improvement of an existing measurement capsule has been discussed and problems were clarified to be steering and handling of the capsule, positioning and controlling of the capsule, and collection and transfer of measured data. A driving unit of the capsule is replaced by a radio control device to promote its steering property for collection after measurement.In order to determine the capsule position, a simplified differential GPS (Global Positioning System) was introduced and tested in a river reach. This system proved to produce a fairly high accuracy.For the data collection, a wireless system of specified low power was tried to weave limitations of the Wireless Telegraphy Act. This system was concluded to be useful for controlling the capsule and measurement instruments in it. An existing moving telemetry system proved to be rather inconvenient to such a simple observation system with the capsule.A preparation for field observation in the Manganji River, a tributary of the Kako River was reported but observation have, unfortunately, not been carried out their in the term.