The Experimental study on comfortable thermal conditions in dwellings for the elderly from the view point of their physiological responses

从生理反应角度探讨老年人住宅舒适热条件的实验研究

• 批准号: 03650481
• 负责人: OHNAKA Tadakatsu
• 金额: $ 1.41万
• 依托单位: The Institute of Public Health
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1991 至 1992
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03650481/
• 关键词: Elderly; Preferred temperature; Physiological responses; Select of air temperature; Sleep; 生理機能測定; 行動性体温調節; 睡眠温熱環境

The purpose of the study was to investigate the proper thermal conditions in the dwellings for elderly. Especially the room temperatures of living room and bedroom were studied from a view point of their physiological responses by the experiment and field survey.1.Living room temperaturePreferred temperatures after exposures to cold or hot environments were analyzed for the temperature control of air conditioners. Eight elderly, 63 to 73 years of age, and nine young, 19 to 27 years, females wearing the same type of clothing were exposed to cold(10ﾟC), moderate(25ﾟC) or hot(35ﾟC) environments for 30 minutes in the exposure room. Then they entered to the self-control room of which temperature was set at 25ﾟC, and instructed to operate the switch when they felt uncomfortably warm or cool for 90 minutes. The ambient temperature was recorded continuously, and analyzed the preferred temperature which was defined as the crest and trough of temperature records. The preferred temperatures after … More the cold exposure was significantly higher than those of other exposure conditions in the elderly. On the other hand, there was no significant difference of the first preferred temperature among the exposure conditions in the young. Although the effect of exposures to cold or hot environments decreased in the later parts of self-control, the elderly still preferred the higher temperature after cold exposure. These results suggest that the elderly are more influenced by previous exposure conditions on subsequent responses in selecting preferred temperature. Especially exposure to cold environments offered a greater effect and this effect continued for a long period.2.Bedroom temperatureThe proper bedroom temperature was investigated from the records of body movements of the elderly people during sleep. The frequency of body movements of the elderly people and the young during sleep was measured in order to investigate the effects of thermal environments on sleep in summer and winter in their dwellings. Simultaneously, room temperature and the temperature in beds were also measured. The results obtained were (1) The room temperatures were about 26ﾟC in summer and about 6ﾟC in winter, which were out of range for the suitable temperature for sleep. (2) Although the temperatures in beds were around 28ﾟC in summer and higher than the permissible range, those in winter was about 25ﾟC, which has been recommended as the temperature in beds suitable for sleep. The frequencies of body movements of the elderly people were higher than the young, especially about the 26ﾟC of room temperature in summer. Less

本研究的目的是调查老年住宅的适宜采暖条件。特别是通过实验和野外调查，从生理反应的角度对起居室和卧室的室温进行了研究。1.生活温度分析了冷热环境下空调温度控制的参考温度。8名63岁至73岁的老年人和9名19岁至27岁的年轻女性在曝光室中暴露于冷(10ﾟC)、中(25ﾟC)或热(35ﾟC)环境中30分钟。然后，他们进入温度设置为25ﾟC的自控室，当他们感到不舒服的温暖或凉爽90分钟时，指示操作开关。连续记录环境温度，并以温度记录的波峰和波谷为定义，分析最优温度。…后的首选温度老年人的冷暴露明显高于其他暴露条件。而在不同暴露条件下，幼鼠的第一喜好温度没有显著差异。尽管在自我控制的后期，暴露于冷或热环境的影响有所降低，但老年人仍然倾向于冷暴露后的较高温度。这些结果表明，老年人在选择首选温度时，更多地受到先前暴露条件对后续反应的影响。特别是暴露在寒冷环境中的影响更大，而且这种影响持续了很长一段时间。2.卧室温度根据老年人睡眠时的身体活动记录来确定适宜的卧室温度。为了研究夏季和冬季热环境对老年人和年轻人睡眠的影响，对老年人和年轻人在睡眠中的身体活动频率进行了测量。同时，还测量了室内温度和床温。结果表明：(1)夏季室内温度为26ﾟC左右，冬季为6ﾟC左右，超出了适宜睡眠的温度范围；(2)虽然夏季的床温约为28ﾟC，高于允许的范围，但冬季的床温约为25ﾟC，这已被推荐为适宜睡眠的床温。老年人的身体活动频率高于年轻人，尤其是夏季室温的26ﾟC左右。较少