Comprehensive Study on Floods and Storm Surges in Bangladesh and Their Hazard Mitigation

孟加拉国洪水和风暴潮及其减灾综合研究

• 批准号: 04041064
• 负责人: OKA Taro
• 金额: $ 22.4万
• 依托单位: Kyoto University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1992 至 1994
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04041064/
• 关键词: Flood Disaster; Storm Surge Disaster; Cyclone; Inundation in Low-lying Area; Monsoon; River Course Change; Forecasting and Warning System; Bangladesh; 洪水地形; 避難・予警報; サイクロンシェルタ

Bangladesh has suffered repeatedly extensive damage by flooding of the three huge rivers, the Brahmaputra, the Ganges and the Meghna and by the stagnation of water in low-lying area. Furthermore, cyclone which develops in Bengal Bay often attacks coastal areas, causing severe disaster.The objectives of the study are to clarify the actual circumstances of the flood and cyclonic disasters through the field investigation, gathering and processing data related to floods and storm surges and to provide information and technical data to mitigate these disasters.(1) The spatial and time characteristics of the precipitation patterns as well as the synoptic conditions which brought heavy damages in the past have been examined in order to find out the cause of the heavy rainfalls.(2) Based on the remote-sensing data, relationships between the landform and flood conditions have been analyzed.(3) The rainfall runoff analyzes and the numerical simulation of 2 dimensional flood flow with finite elem … More ent model have been carried out to clarify the characteristic of rainfall runoff and process of inundation in low-lying area.(4) Field researches on river bank erosion and sediment transport have been conducted near the Meghna Bridge. Hydraulic and Geotechnical discussion on their results clarified the mechanisms of bank erosion and river bed variation.(5) Based on the topography data in coastal lowland, observed tidal records and meteorological data, the numerical simulation of storm surge have been carried out in the southeast region of Bangladesh.(6) The field survery of the wind-induced failure by the cyclone of 1991 have been carried out in the southeast coastal region.(7) Forecasting, warning and evacuation systems against flood disaster have been evaluated. Moreover, problems and tasks of non-structure prevention measures against flood and storm surge disasters have been examined.These results of field investigations and analyzes will contribute to the improvement and establishment of the countermeasures against flood and cyclonic disasters in Bangladesh. Less

孟加拉国因雅鲁藏布江、恒河、梅格纳河三大河流泛滥以及低洼地区积水而多次遭受大面积破坏。此外，孟加拉湾发展的气旋经常袭击沿海地区，造成严重灾害。研究的目的是通过现场调查、收集和处理与洪水和风暴潮相关的数据，弄清洪水和气旋灾害的实际情况，为减轻这些灾害提供信息和技术数据。(1)降水格局的时空特征以及造成严重损失的天气条件。 (2)基于遥感数据，分析了地貌与洪水条件的关系。(3)进行了降雨径流分析和有限元模型二维洪水流数值模拟，明确了低洼地区降雨径流特征和淹没过程。(4)河岸实地研究 梅格纳大桥附近发生了侵蚀和泥沙输送。水利和岩土工程对其结果的讨论，阐明了河岸侵蚀和河床变化的机制。(5)根据沿海低地地形资料、潮汐观测记录和气象资料，对孟加拉国东南部地区的风暴潮进行了数值模拟。(6)对东南沿海地区进行了1991年气旋风致破坏的实地调查。 （七）对洪涝灾害预报、预警和疏散系统进行了评估。此外，还探讨了针对洪水和风暴潮灾害的非结构性预防措施中存在的问题和任务。这些实地调查和分析的结果将有助于孟加拉国洪水和气旋灾害对策的完善和建立。较少的

项目成果

小田 利勝: "バングラデシュにおける災害情報伝達と住民の避難行動" 日本都市計画学会学術研究論文集. 28. 193-198 (1993)

小田俊胜：《孟加拉国灾害信息沟通与居民疏散行为》日本城市规划学会学术研究论文28. 193-198（1993）。

宇民 正・村本嘉雄: "ランドサット画像処理による河道変動過程の解析" (投稿準備中).

Tadashi Umin 和 Yoshio Muramoto：“利用 Landsat 图像处理分析河道波动过程”（准备提交）。

M.Z.Islam, K.Okubo and Y.Muramoto: "Embankment Failire and Sedimentation over Floodplain in Bangladesh" Jour.of Natural Disaster Science. 16. 15-41 (1994)

M.Z.Islam、K.Okubo 和 Y.Muramoto：“孟加拉国洪泛区的堤防失效和沉积”自然灾害科学杂志。

Umitsu,M.: "Late Quaternary sedimentary environments and landforms in the Ganges Delta." Sedimentary Geology. 83. 177-186 (1993)

Umitsu,M.：“恒河三角洲晚第四纪沉积环境和地貌。”

村本嘉雄・藤田裕一朗・河内友一: "メグナ河下流部における洪水流と河道変動" 京都大学防災研究所年報. 37号B-2. 421-440 (1994)

Yoshio Muramoto、Yuichiro Fujita 和 Yuichi Kawachi：“梅格纳河下游的洪水流量和河道波动”京都大学防灾研究所年度报告第 37 B-2 号（1994 年）。