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The Flood in Bangladesh and Its Countermeasures

孟加拉国洪涝灾害及对策

基本信息

批准号：
14404005
负责人：
OKA Taro
金额：
$ 4.54万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14404005/
关键词：
Bangladesh Flood disaster Rainfall runoff Inundation Flood lake Lifestyle Monsoon Water resources 洪水対策環境浄化

项目摘要

Every year, many areas of Bangladesh are inundated by flood Its impact on society and economic activities are becoming overbearing for the people of Bangladesh. In order to mitigate the flood disaster, basic research on the mechanisms of floods is indispensableThe following four subjects were investigated intensively.1) Estimation of the rainfall runoff from upstream region of the Meghna River: The rainfall runoff characteristic of the Meghna River is still not fully understood. In order to prevent or mitigate flood disasters in northeast Bangladesh, the clarification of rainfall runoff mechanisms in the upstream region of the Meghna River is important and necessary. The clarification of rainfall runoff process was clarified by using the existing hydrological data effectively.2) Numerical Analysis of Flash Flood in the Monu River Basin: The rainfall runoff into the Monu River on June 5 and 6, 2001 was calculated and flooding upstream of the Monu Railway Bridge was simulated using the FDM model. It was clarified that the following three items are important in order to mitigate flash flooding in this area ; embankments should be strengthened and set back sufficiently from the river, all obstructions on the embankments should be removed to allow smooth passage of flood flow, and joint studies with Indian authorities should be considered.3) Numerical Simulation of Flood Lake Behavior m Northeastern Bangladesh: In order to clarify the hydrological and hydraulic behavior of flood lake (Haor), a numerical inundation model was developed. The behavior of Hakaluki Haor and the possibility of developing this area were discussed.4) Investigation of Lifestyle and Environmental Condition on the residents around Haor. The lifestyle and socio-economic conditions of the people of Bangladesh are governed mainly by flood The relation between human life and flood in Sylhet region was clarified by investigation of the questionnaire type.

每年，孟加拉国的许多地区都被洪水淹没，它对孟加拉国人民的社会和经济活动的影响越来越大。为了减轻洪水灾害，对洪水发生机理的基础研究是必不可少的。本文重点研究了以下四个方面的内容：1）Meghna河上游地区降雨径流量的估算：Meghna河的降雨径流特性至今尚未完全了解。为了预防和减轻孟加拉国东北部地区的洪水灾害，澄清梅克纳河上游地区的降雨径流机制是重要和必要的。2）Monu河流域山洪数值分析：计算了2001年6月5日和6日Monu河流域的降雨径流量，并采用FDM模型模拟了Monu铁路桥上游的洪水。为了减轻该地区的山洪暴发，以下三项是重要的：应加强堤坝并使其充分远离河流，应清除堤坝上的所有障碍物以使洪水顺利通过，并应考虑与印度当局进行联合研究。3）孟加拉国东北部洪水湖行为的数值模拟：为了研究浩尔湖的水文水力特性，建立了浩尔湖淹没数值模型。探讨了哈卡鲁基豪尔的行为特征及开发该地区的可能性。4）豪尔周边居民生活方式及环境状况调查。孟加拉国人民的生活方式和社会经济状况主要受洪水的影响。通过问卷调查，阐明了锡耶特地区人类生活与洪水之间的关系。