Investigation of Restoration and Conservation of Stone Remains in Thailand

泰国石遗骸修复与保护调查

• 批准号: 04041106
• 负责人: NISHIURA Tadateru
• 金额: $ 4.16万
• 依托单位: Tokyo National Rsearch Institute of Cultural Properties
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1992 至 1994
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04041106/
• 关键词: Thailand; Stone Remains; Deterioration; Conservation; Tropical Region; 遺跡保存; レンガ

1. Condition of DeteriorationStones used in the monuments under the investigation are sandstone, limestone and laterite. Laterite is under stable condition, sandstone is under the worst condition. Condition of deterioration is as follows :Sandstone is mostly suffering from exfoliation. The cause of deterioration is water both coming from the ground and precipitation. Damage caused by biological infestation under hot and humid tropical environment is also observed.2. Environmental SurveyThailand experiences typical hot and humid tropical climate throughout ayar. During the rainy season substantial amount of precipitation can be expected. Such environment affect adversary to monuments under outdoor condition. We have placed measuring device in two of the investigated monuments (Phanom rhung, Muan Tham) in order to monitor more detailed and precise environmental condition. Findings are as follows :(1) Area is under exceedingly high temperature since daily highest temperature constantly ex … More ceeds 30*C throughout a year.(2) Ray is so strong that the temperature as high as 60*C was recorded on the surface of the stone. On the other hand, surface temperature could drop to 10*C during the night because of cooling due to radiation. Difference in temperature during a day is great especially in the winter time.(3) Amount of precipitation differs greatly during the rainy season and dry seasaon. During the rainy season, though immense amount of precipitation cpuld be recorded, rain rarely last whole day and sun with a strong beam and heavy rain alternate several times a day. This situation helped by high temperature cause rapid evaporation of the rainwater contained inside of the stone, which accelerate the deterioration.3. Conservation measureFine Arts Department of Thailand and the conservation team of TNRICP discussed about the conservation measure for the monuments with a result of the investigation. Both parties agreed as follows :The main cause of deterioration is water penetrated inside of the structure. Deterioration occurs when such water travels toward the surface of the stone and evaporates from the surface. Basic principle of conservation in this case is to avoid penetrated water remain inside of the structure. Less

1.退化情况调查中的古迹所用的石材有砂岩、石灰石和红土。红土处于稳定状态，砂岩处于最差状态。变质情况如下：砂岩多为剥落。恶化的原因是来自地面和降水的水。热带高温高湿环境下的生物侵扰对植物造成的危害也进行了分析.环境调查泰国整个Ayar都是典型的炎热潮湿的热带气候。在雨季，预计会有大量降水。这样的环境影响了室外条件下对纪念碑的抵抗力。我们已经在两个被调查的古迹（帕诺姆隆，武安谭）放置了测量设备，以监测更详细和精确的环境条件。结果表明：（1）由于日最高气温不断升高， ...更多信息 一年中的30*C。(2)光线是如此强烈，以至于石头表面的温度高达60摄氏度。另一方面，由于辐射的冷却，夜间表面温度可能会下降到10摄氏度。一天中的温差很大，尤其是在冬天。(3)雨季和旱季的降水量差别很大。在雨季，虽然有大量的降水记录，但雨很少持续一整天，强烈的阳光和大雨每天交替几次。这种情况有助于高温导致快速蒸发的雨水包含在石头里面，这加速了恶化。3.保护措施泰国美术部和TNRICP的保护团队根据调查结果讨论了古迹的保护措施。双方一致认为：劣化的主要原因是水渗入结构内部。当这些水向石头表面移动并从表面蒸发时，就会发生变质。在这种情况下，保护的基本原则是避免渗透水留在结构内部。少