Evaluation of Synthetic Resins as Conservative of Stone for the Conservation of Historic Buildings

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Evaluation tests of synthetic resins as consolodant used for the conservation of historic stone buildings were carried out. Penetration speed into a stone, consolidation ability to a stone, durability after treatment, etc., were evaluated by various tests in labolatory and in situ. Tested resins are some kinds of silicone resin, acrylic resins and epoxy resins, which are in actual use for the conservation of stone monuments. As for penetration speed, relation between water content of a stone and the penetration speed of a resin solution into the stone was measured. As for consolidation ability, relation between penetration depth of a resin and the hardness of the stone impregnated with the resin was measured. As for durability after treatment, some kinds of accelerated aging tests to the treated stone were done. Those tests mentioned above were experimental. As for test in situ, penetration degree of resin solutions and consolidation effect were evaluated at the field. As the results, the following remarks were obtained :・into a moist stone, resin solution in an organic solvent penetrates much more deeply than a resin solution in water.・When a stone is impregnated with a resin solution by capilality, outer part of the stone is consolidated more hardly than the inner part of the stone. This is because that resin moves to the outer part by the volatilization of the solvent. So, acrylic resin and epoxy resin, which are to be solved in a higher amount of a solvent, have this characteristeic rather than the other tested silicone resins.・When a stone is impregnated with hydrophobic silane, its permiability to water vapor decreased to quite a large extent. This phenomenon can be explained that water vapor becomes liquid water in the stone and stays there due to the hydrophobicity given by impregnated hydrophobic silane.