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Research on the mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus

丙型肝炎病毒母婴传播研究

基本信息

批准号：
04304039
负责人：
SHIRAKI Kazuo
金额：
$ 8.96万
依托单位：
Tottori University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1993
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04304039/
关键词：
Hepatitis C Mother-to-infants infection Hepatitis C virus HCV RNA Vertical transmission Breast feeding HCV genotype Anti-HCV HCV亜型 C型肝炎ウイルス

项目摘要

The major route of infection by hepatitis C virus(HCV) has been blood transfusion in recent years in Japan. Mother-to-infant transmission of this virus is suspected as one of the most important routes of natural infection, but its frequency nor factors affecting this infection are not known. Since the carrier status develops even when adults are infected by HCV, which is rare by hepatitis B virus, the retrospective study of the families of HCV carriers cannot elucidate the above mentioned problems. In this research we conducted a prospective follow-up study of the infants born to the HCV carrier mothers found by screening of pregnant women.Pregnant women in six different districts of Japan were screened for serum antibody for HCV (second generation, anti-HCV) and if it was positive the serum HCV RNA was examined using polymerase chain reaction. 0.45 to 1.5% (mean 1%) of the pregnant women were positive for anti-HCV, and 71 to 76% of anti-HCV positive women were also positive for serum HCV RNA.Infants born to HCV RNA positive pregnant women were followed after birth with intervals of one to three months for more than one year after birth, examining their sera foranti-HCV, HCV RNA, as well as transaminase levels. Until now 174 infants had been followed for more than six months after birth, and six (3.4%) of them developed chronic HCV carrier status, and seven other infants showed transient infection by HCV before six months of age.Close evaluation of various factors regarding mother-to-infant infection disclosed that 1) the mothers of HCV infected infants showed higher serum HCV RNA level, and 2) most of these mothers showed apparent elevation of serum transaminase levels, but 3) no difference of infection rate was found between HCV genotypes, nor 4) between breast-fed and bottle-fed infants.

近年来，在日本丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）的主要感染途径是输血。这种病毒的母婴传播被怀疑是最重要的自然感染途径之一，但其频率或影响这种感染的因素尚不清楚。由于即使成人感染HCV也会形成携带者状态，而乙型肝炎病毒很少见，因此对HCV携带者家族的回顾性研究无法阐明上述问题。在这项研究中，我们对孕妇筛查中发现的HCV携带者母亲所生的婴儿进行了前瞻性随访研究。对日本六个不同地区的孕妇进行了血清HCV抗体（第二代，抗HCV）筛查，如果呈阳性，则使用聚合酶链式反应检查血清HCV RNA。 0.45%至1.5%（平均1%）的孕妇抗HCV呈阳性，71%至76%的抗HCV阳性女性血清HCV RNA也呈阳性。HCV RNA阳性孕妇所生的婴儿出生后每隔1至3个月进行一次随访，持续一年以上，检查其血清中的抗HCV、HCV RNA以及转氨酶水平。截至目前，已有174名婴儿出生后随访超过6个月，其中6名（3.4%）出现慢性HCV携带状态，另外7名婴儿在6个月龄前出现短暂性HCV感染。对母婴感染的各种因素进行密切评估后发现，1）HCV感染婴儿的母亲血清HCV RNA水平较高，2）大多数母亲血清转氨酶明显升高。水平，但 3) HCV 基因型之间没有发现感染率差异，4) 母乳喂养和奶瓶喂养婴儿之间也没有发现感染率差异。