Development of Self-Controllable captive environment for animals based on the idea of psychological well-being

这项研究是日本首次尝试研究非人类灵长类动物的环境富集性。近年来，许多研究都集中在改善西方国家非人类灵长类动物的圈养条件上。然而，日本还没有这样的尝试。我们试图建立一系列新的实验来改善圈养条件。目标物种是日本猴子和黑猩猩。日本猴子是日本土生土长的猴子。黑猩猩是一项长期比较认知研究的主要对象。我们在改善日本猴子和黑猩猩圈养条件方面做了两件事。其中一个项目是在10只黑猩猩组成的户外大院里建造一个圆顶，每组10只。圆顶直径约1.5米，高约1.5米，配备了三个监控摄像头和刺激反应面板，这些摄像头和刺激反应面板连接到附属建筑Learning su…的控制塔内的计算机在社会背景下，使用游戏穹顶中的设备研究了更多作为合作和/或竞争任务的ch。另一个是“板笼”项目，笼子由许多单元板组成，大小为40*40厘米。单元板有三种：平板、格栅和半透明玻璃。将单元板组合成任意大小和形状的保持架。此外，两个保持架可以通过连接保持架连接，该连接保持架在两侧具有连接每个保持架的两个电动门。这一系列充实实验的核心理念是“心理健康”。这意味着，幸福不是由实验者来衡量的，而是由饲养在人工环境中的动物自己来衡量的。行为的时间预算是测量幸福感的重要因变量。在黑猩猩和猴子身上的这两个项目揭示了圈养非人类灵长类动物行为多样性和时间分配的一些初步但重要的方面。较少

The present research was the first attempt to study the environmental enrichment in nonhuman primates in Japan. In recent years, many studies have focused on the improvement of captive conditions for nonhuman primates in Western countries. However, there has been no such an attempt in Japan. We tried to establish a new series of experiments for improving the captive conditions. The target species were Japanese monkeys and chimpanzees. Japanese monkeys were native monkeys in Japan. Chimpanzees were the main subjects for a long-term study for comparative cognition. We did two things in relation to the improvement of captive conditions in Japanes monkeys and chimpanzees. One is a "play-dome" project, in which a dome was built in the outdoor compound of 10 chimpanzees in a group. The dome, about 1.5 m in diameter and 1.5 m high, was equipped with three monitor cameras and stimulus-response panels which were connected to a computer in a control tower in the attached building The learning su … More ch as cooperative and/or competitive tasks were studied in the social context using the equipment in the play-dome. Another is a "panel-cage" project, in which a cage consisted of numerous numbers of unit panels, 40*40 cm in size. There were three kinds of unit panels ; plane plate, grid, and translucent glass. The unit panel were combined to construct an arbitrary sized and shaped cages. Moreover, two cages can be connected by a connecting cage which has two electrically-operated doors in both sides connecting each of the cages. The core idea of the series of enrichment experiments is "psychological well-being". What it means is the happiness can be measured not by the experimenter but by the animals themselves who are kept in the artificial environment. The time budget of behavior is the important depending variables for measuring the happiness. The two projects in chimpanzees and monkeys revealed some preliminary but important aspects of behavioral diversity and the time allocation of captive nonhuman primates. Less