Irrigation Management in Arid Area and Development of New Method for Improvement of the Environment : A Case Study of the Aral Sea Basin

干旱地区的灌溉管理和环境改善新方法的开发:以咸海盆地为例

• 批准号: 05556040
• 负责人: TSUTSUI Hikaru
• 金额: $ 6.72万
• 依托单位: Kinki University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1993 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05556040/
• 关键词: Aral Sea; Irrigation; Environmental Degradation

Due to excessive withdrawal of water for irrigation purpose, the environment and related eco-system of the Aral Sea and its surrounding areas have been adversely affected. The sustainable development of agriculture and conservation of the environments as well as the eco-system of the region became the focus of our concern.The present condition of the irrigation system and its management have been analyzed. For the improvement of irrigation system management and its performance, not only the rehabilitation and improvement of related infrastructures but also the improvement in management practices and institutional setup will be important.In the region, it is necessary to transform and diversify the production structure from the former-Soviet supported cotton and paddy to one which corresponds to the actual food demand. In establishing proper cropping pattern, the functions of paddy cultivation in terms of salt leaching should not be overlooked. Economy abd benefits of water use for irrigation should also be fully analyzed. With regard to the conservation of environment in the region, local initiatives of constructing artificial water bodies in the dried lower delta areas need to be analyzed. To support the stable supply of water to these water bodies, further efficient use and saving water in the upper irrigated areas are required.

由于过量取水灌溉，咸海及其周边地区的环境和相关生态系统受到了不利影响。农业的可持续发展、环境和生态系统的保护成为人们关注的焦点。要提高灌溉系统的管理水平和效益，不仅要恢复和改善灌溉系统的基础设施，而且要改善管理方式和制度设置，实现生产结构由原苏联支持的棉花和水稻向符合实际粮食需求的结构转变和多样化。在建立合理的种植模式时，水稻栽培在盐分淋失方面的作用不容忽视。还应充分分析灌溉用水的经济效益和效益。关于该区域的环境保护，需要分析在干旱的下三角洲地区建设人工水体的地方倡议。为了支持这些水体的稳定供水，需要在上游灌区进一步高效利用和节约用水。

项目成果

Ogino, Y., Takaishi, H., Oue, H., and Otsuki K.: "Irrigation Management on Rice Based Farming System in the Deltas of Aral Sea Basin." Proceedings of Symposium on Aral Sea and the Surrounding Region.JRAK/ILEC/LBRI/UNEP. (1995)

Ogino, Y.、Takaishi, H.、Oue, H. 和 Otsuki K.：“咸海盆地三角洲水稻种植系统的灌溉管理”。

H.Tsutsui: "World Irrigation IV.Irrigation and Environment" J.of Irrig.Eng.and Rural Planning. 26. 59-76 (1994)

H.Tsutsui：《世界灌溉 IV.灌溉与环境》J.of Irrig.Eng.and Rural Planning。

筒井、萩野ら: "中央アジア・アラール海流域における農業開発と潅漑水利" 農業土木学会誌. 63. 13-18 (1995)

Tsutsui, Hagino 等人：“中亚咸海盆地的农业发展和灌溉用水”日本农业和土木工程师学会杂志 63. 13-18 (1995)。

萩野、筒井ら: "中央アジア・イリ川とウルムチ川の水利開発の現状と課題、" 農業土木学会誌. 63. 7-11 (1995)

Hagino, Tsutsui 等：“中亚伊犁河和乌鲁木齐河用水发展的现状和挑战”，日本农业和土木工程师学会杂志 63. 7-11 (1995)。

Hikaru Tsutsui: "Agriculture, Water and Environment Problems and Prospects in the Aral Sea Basin" Proc. 3rd Intl. Symp. Aral Sea Basin, JSIDRE, Tokyo. 1-10 (1996)

Hikaru Tsutsui：“咸海盆地的农业、水和环境问题及前景”Proc。