Microbial Treatment of Food Waste for Food

食物垃圾的微生物处理用于食品

• 批准号: 05556054
• 负责人: OHMIYA Kunio
• 金额: $ 6.46万
• 依托单位: Mie University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1993 至 1994
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05556054/
• 关键词: food waste; Rhizopus oligosuporus; Tempe; microbial treatment; OKARA; feed; male chiks; Rhizopus oligospolus; 生ゴミ処理; 微生物・酵素; 機能性飼料

Recent diversification and luxurization of food resources and the rapid expansion of economic activity allowed us unexpected in crease in food waste which has caused over-consumption of the world resources in Japan, in addition to the resulted polution claim. These problems should be solved by the microbial treatment of waste for the effective utilization of waste such as feed or fertilizer. In this study, microbial conversion of food waste to chicken feed was examined. The soy pulp or soy bean-curd (tofu) waste, so called "OKARA" in Japanese was used as a simplified food waste. Rhizopus oligosporus, a fungous strain for fermenting "Tempe" in South East Asia was used for microbial treatment of OKARA.Fresh OKARA is known as a good medium for microorganisms due to the increse in the unexpected microbial cells up to 10^8. The pH value of OKARA was adjusted with organic scids to around 5 to control these undesirable cells and to enhance growth of R.oligosporus. This organism released CMCasc, xylanse, amylase and other enzymes into OKARA in addition to some antibacterial materials against Bacillus subtilis This fermented OKARA was dried up with hot air in the "Biorecytor". The dried powder was mixfd with commercialized cheken feed at the concentration of 10 and 20%. The mixed feed was fed to male chiks of 9 week-old for 3 weeks. The feeting of fermented OKARA resulted the body weight-gain slightly faster than feeding non-fermented OKARA,indicating that partial or preliminary digestion of OKARA by some enzymesfrom the microorganism may enhanced intake of nutrients in OKARA.

近年来，食物资源的多样化和奢侈化以及经济活动的迅速扩张使我们意外地增加了食物浪费，这导致日本过度消耗世界资源，以及由此产生的污染索赔。这些问题应通过废物的微生物处理来解决，以有效利用废物，如饲料或肥料。在这项研究中，微生物转化的食物垃圾鸡饲料进行了检查。豆粕或大豆豆腐（豆腐）废物，在日本被称为“奥卡拉”，被用作简化的食物废物。用东南亚产的一种发酵“滕佩”的真菌菌株--少孢根霉对奥卡拉进行微生物处理。新鲜奥卡拉由于其微生物细胞数可达10^8，因此被认为是微生物的良好培养基。用有机酸调节奥卡拉的pH值至5左右，以控制这些不需要的细胞并促进少孢酵母的生长。该微生物将CMCasc、木聚糖酶、淀粉酶和其他酶释放到奥卡拉中，此外还释放了一些抗枯草芽孢杆菌的抗菌物质。将干燥的粉末与商业化的cheken饲料以10和20%的浓度混合。将该混合饲料饲喂9周龄公雏鸡3周。饲喂发酵奥卡拉比饲喂未发酵奥卡拉的增重稍快，表明微生物中某些酶对OKARA的部分或初步消化可提高奥卡拉对营养物质的摄入。

项目成果

S.Karita: "Cloning and sequencing of a novel endo-1,4-B-glucanase gene from Ruminococcus albus." J.Ferment.Bioeng. vol 76 (6). 433-444 (1993)

S.Karita：“来自白色瘤胃球菌的新型内切 1,4-B-葡聚糖酶基因的克隆和测序。”

苅田 修一: "Cloning and sequencing of a novel endo-1.4-β-glucanase gene from Ruminococcus albus" J. Ferment. Bioeng. 76(6). 433-444 (1993)

Shuichi Karita：“来自白色瘤胃球菌的新型内切 1.4-β-葡聚糖酶基因的克隆和测序”J. Ferment 76(6) (1993)。

K.Sakka: "Purification and characterization of xylanase A from clostridium stercorarium F-9 and a recombinant Escherichia coli." Biosci.Biotech.Biochem. vol 58 (8). 1496-1499 (1994)

K.Sakka：“来自粪臭梭菌 F-9 和重组大肠杆菌的木聚糖酶 A 的纯化和表征。”

粟冠 和郎: "Purification and characterization of xylanase A from clostridium stercorarium F-9 and a recombinant Escherichiacoli." Biosci. Biotech. Biochem.58(8). 1496-1499 (1994)

Kazuo Awakana：“来自粪梭菌 F-9 和重组大肠杆菌的木聚糖酶 A 的纯化和表征”，Biosci。58(8) (1994)。