Microbial Treatment of Food Waste for Food

最近食物资源的多样化和奢侈化以及经济活动的迅速扩张使我们意想不到的增加了食物浪费，这导致了日本对世界资源的过度消耗，以及由此产生的污染索赔。这些问题应该通过微生物处理废物来解决，以便有效地利用废物，如饲料或肥料。在本研究中，研究了微生物将食物垃圾转化为鸡饲料。大豆浆或豆腐（豆腐）废物，在日语中被称为“OKARA”，被用作简化的食物垃圾。利用东南亚产发酵“Tempe”的一株寡孢根霉对OKARA进行微生物处理。新鲜的OKARA被认为是微生物的良好培养基，因为意想不到的微生物细胞增加了10^8。用有机酸调节OKARA的pH值至5左右，以控制这些不良细胞，促进少孢霉的生长。该菌将CMCasc、木聚糖酶、淀粉酶等酶释放到OKARA中，并释放出一些抗枯草芽孢杆菌的抗菌物质，将发酵后的OKARA在“生物回收器”中用热空气干燥。将干粉与商品化鸡饲料按10%和20%的浓度混合。将混合饲料投喂9周龄雄性雏鸡3周。饲喂发酵过的青瓜，其增重速度略快于饲喂未发酵过的青瓜，说明微生物中的某些酶对青瓜的部分或初步消化可能增加了青瓜中营养物质的摄入。

Recent diversification and luxurization of food resources and the rapid expansion of economic activity allowed us unexpected in crease in food waste which has caused over-consumption of the world resources in Japan, in addition to the resulted polution claim. These problems should be solved by the microbial treatment of waste for the effective utilization of waste such as feed or fertilizer. In this study, microbial conversion of food waste to chicken feed was examined. The soy pulp or soy bean-curd (tofu) waste, so called "OKARA" in Japanese was used as a simplified food waste. Rhizopus oligosporus, a fungous strain for fermenting "Tempe" in South East Asia was used for microbial treatment of OKARA.Fresh OKARA is known as a good medium for microorganisms due to the increse in the unexpected microbial cells up to 10^8. The pH value of OKARA was adjusted with organic scids to around 5 to control these undesirable cells and to enhance growth of R.oligosporus. This organism released CMCasc, xylanse, amylase and other enzymes into OKARA in addition to some antibacterial materials against Bacillus subtilis This fermented OKARA was dried up with hot air in the "Biorecytor". The dried powder was mixfd with commercialized cheken feed at the concentration of 10 and 20%. The mixed feed was fed to male chiks of 9 week-old for 3 weeks. The feeting of fermented OKARA resulted the body weight-gain slightly faster than feeding non-fermented OKARA,indicating that partial or preliminary digestion of OKARA by some enzymesfrom the microorganism may enhanced intake of nutrients in OKARA.