Membrane Fusion in Gametes

配子中的膜融合

• 批准号: 05044125
• 负责人: HOSHI Motonori
• 金额: $ 4.48万
• 依托单位: Tokyo Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1993 至 1994
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05044125/
• 关键词: Membrane Fusion; Fertilization; Acrosome Reaction; Sperm Activating Pepetide; Sulfated Saccharide Chain; Metalloendoprotease; Cortical Vesicle; Trimeric G Protein; G-タンパク質; 受容体; ヒトデ; ホヤ; ガングリオシド

Three membrane fusion systems in the gametes of marine invertebrates were studied ; the acrosome reaction, sperm-egg fusion and exocytosis of cortical vesicles.1. Two signal moleules in starfish egg jelly, namely ARIS and SAP,are essential for the induction of acrosome reaction. Their structures were studied with reference to their biological activities. Major saccharide chains of ARIS had a repeating unit of pentasaccharide, [-4Xylb1-3Gala1-3FucSa1-4Fuca1-3FucSa1-]_n (FucS : Fuc-4-sulfate). Eleven glutamine-rich tetracontapeptides with a 25-residue ring formed by a disulfide linkage were identified as starfish SAPs.2. A zinc-metalloendoprotese is involved in the sperm-egg fusion of the ascidian, Ciona intestinalis. Such protease was purified from the sperm and characterized. The enzyme was immunocytochemically located in a certain region of sperm head.3. During maturation of starfish oocytes, cortical vesicles change their exocytotic capacity and pattern in response to fertilization. Ultrastructural changes of cortical vesicles in starfish oocytes were studied in relation to the oocyte maturation induced by 1-methyladenine. Fully-grown immature oocytes have a cytoplasmic network of cytokeratin filaments in the cortex. Heterotrimeric G protein, which is known to mediate 1-methyladenine stimulation of oocyte maturation, was immunocytochemically detected on the filaments as periodical bands of 0.7 mum long.

研究了海洋无脊椎动物配子中的三个膜融合系统。皮质囊泡的Adrosom反应，精子融合和胞吐作用1。海星卵果冻中的两个信号m子，即Aris和SAP，对于诱导Adrosos反应至关重要。参考其生物学活动研究了它们的结构。 ARIS的主要糖链具有五糖的重复单位，[-4xylB1-3GALA1-3FUCSA1-4FUCA1-3FUCA1-3FUCSA1-] _ N（FUCS：FUC-4-硫酸盐）。 11个由二硫键形成的25个沉积环的十一座四肽肽被鉴定为海星SAPS.2。锌 - 金烯二烯类植物参与海鞘肠肠融合的精子融合。这种蛋白酶是从精子中纯化的，并表征了。该酶在精子头的某个区域上是免疫细胞化学的3。在海星卵母细胞的成熟过程中，皮质囊泡会改变其胞外胞毒性能力和模式，以响应受精。研究了与1-甲基丹宁诱导的卵母细胞成熟有关的海星卵母细胞中皮质囊泡的超微结构变化。完全生长的未成熟卵母细胞具有皮质中细胞角蛋白细丝的细胞质网络。众所周知，异三聚合物G蛋白可介导1-甲基二氨基刺激卵母细胞成熟，在细胞上被免疫细胞化学，作为0.7 MUM长的周期带。

项目成果

M.Hoshi, S.Takizawa and N.Hirohashi: "Glycosidases, Proteases and Ascidian Fertilization" Seminars Dev.Biol.5. 201-208 (1994)

M.Hoshi、S.Takizawa 和 N.Hirohashi：“糖苷酶、蛋白酶和海鞘受精”研讨会 Dev.Biol.5。

K.Chiba: "Induction of Starfish Oocyte Maturation by the βγ-subunit of Starfish G Protein and Possible Existence of the Subsequent Effector in Cytoplasm" Mol.Biol.Cell. 4. 1027-1034 (1993)

K.Chiba：“海星 G 蛋白的 βγ 亚基诱导海星卵母细胞成熟以及细胞质中后续效应子的可能存在”Mol.Biol.Cell。4. 1027-1034 (1993)

N.Akita: "Hemocytes Release Phenoloxidase upon Contact Reaction,an Allogeneic Interaction,in the Ascidian Halocynthia roretzi" Cell Struc.Func.20. 81-87 (1995)

N.Akita：“海鞘海鞘中的接触反应（一种同种异体相互作用）导致血细胞释放酚氧化酶”Cell Struc.Func.20。

K.Chiba, F.J.Longo, K.Kontani, T.Katada and M.Hoshi: "A periodic Network of G Protein betagamma Subunit Coexisting with Cytokeratin Filament in Starfish Oocytes" Dev.Biol.(in press). (1995)

K.Chiba、F.J.Longo、K.Kontani、T.Katada 和 M.Hoshi：“海星卵母细胞中与细胞角蛋白丝共存的 G 蛋白 betaamma 亚基的周期性网络”Dev.Biol.（出版中）。

星 元紀: "細胞社会のグリオバイオロジー" 講談社サイエンチフィク, 238 (1993)

Motonori Hoshi：“细胞社会的胶质生物学”讲谈社科学，238（1993）