Membrane Fusion in Gametes

配子中的膜融合

• 批准号: 05044125
• 负责人: HOSHI Motonori
• 金额: $ 4.48万
• 依托单位: Tokyo Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1993 至 1994
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05044125/
• 关键词: Membrane Fusion; Fertilization; Acrosome Reaction; Sperm Activating Pepetide; Sulfated Saccharide Chain; Metalloendoprotease; Cortical Vesicle; Trimeric G Protein; G-タンパク質; 受容体; ヒトデ; ホヤ; ガングリオシド

Three membrane fusion systems in the gametes of marine invertebrates were studied ; the acrosome reaction, sperm-egg fusion and exocytosis of cortical vesicles.1. Two signal moleules in starfish egg jelly, namely ARIS and SAP,are essential for the induction of acrosome reaction. Their structures were studied with reference to their biological activities. Major saccharide chains of ARIS had a repeating unit of pentasaccharide, [-4Xylb1-3Gala1-3FucSa1-4Fuca1-3FucSa1-]_n (FucS : Fuc-4-sulfate). Eleven glutamine-rich tetracontapeptides with a 25-residue ring formed by a disulfide linkage were identified as starfish SAPs.2. A zinc-metalloendoprotese is involved in the sperm-egg fusion of the ascidian, Ciona intestinalis. Such protease was purified from the sperm and characterized. The enzyme was immunocytochemically located in a certain region of sperm head.3. During maturation of starfish oocytes, cortical vesicles change their exocytotic capacity and pattern in response to fertilization. Ultrastructural changes of cortical vesicles in starfish oocytes were studied in relation to the oocyte maturation induced by 1-methyladenine. Fully-grown immature oocytes have a cytoplasmic network of cytokeratin filaments in the cortex. Heterotrimeric G protein, which is known to mediate 1-methyladenine stimulation of oocyte maturation, was immunocytochemically detected on the filaments as periodical bands of 0.7 mum long.

研究了海洋无脊椎动物配子中的三种膜融合系统；顶体反应、精卵融合及皮质小泡胞吐。海星蛋冻中的两种信号分子ARIS和SAP对顶体反应的诱导至关重要。研究了它们的结构和生物活性。ARIS的主要糖链上有一个重复单元为五糖[- 4xylb1 - 3gala1 - 3fuca1 - 4fuca1 - 3fucsa1 -]_n （FucS: Fuc-4-sulfate）。11个富含谷氨酰胺的四肽由二硫键形成的25个残基环被鉴定为海星的saps。一种锌金属内质蛋白酶参与了海鞘的精卵融合。这种蛋白酶是从精子中纯化出来的，并对其进行了表征。免疫细胞化学表明，该酶位于精子头部的特定区域。在海星卵母细胞成熟过程中，皮质囊泡对受精的反应改变了它们的胞吐能力和模式。研究了1-甲基腺苷诱导海星卵母细胞成熟过程中皮质囊泡超微结构的变化。发育完全的未成熟卵母细胞在皮层有一个细胞角蛋白丝的细胞质网络。异三聚体G蛋白，已知介导1-甲基腺嘌呤刺激卵母细胞成熟，免疫细胞化学检测到其在纤维上呈0.7 μ m长的周期性条带。

项目成果

M.Hoshi, S.Takizawa and N.Hirohashi: "Glycosidases, Proteases and Ascidian Fertilization" Seminars Dev.Biol.5. 201-208 (1994)

M.Hoshi、S.Takizawa 和 N.Hirohashi：“糖苷酶、蛋白酶和海鞘受精”研讨会 Dev.Biol.5。

K.Chiba, F.J.Longo, K.Kontani, T.Katada and M.Hoshi: "A periodic Network of G Protein betagamma Subunit Coexisting with Cytokeratin Filament in Starfish Oocytes" Dev.Biol.(in press). (1995)

K.Chiba、F.J.Longo、K.Kontani、T.Katada 和 M.Hoshi：“海星卵母细胞中与细胞角蛋白丝共存的 G 蛋白 betaamma 亚基的周期性网络”Dev.Biol.（出版中）。

N.Akita: "Hemocytes Release Phenoloxidase upon Contact Reaction,an Allogeneic Interaction,in the Ascidian Halocynthia roretzi" Cell Struc.Func.20. 81-87 (1995)

N.Akita：“海鞘海鞘中的接触反应（一种同种异体相互作用）导致血细胞释放酚氧化酶”Cell Struc.Func.20。

K.Chiba: "Induction of Starfish Oocyte Maturation by the βγ-subunit of Starfish G Protein and Possible Existence of the Subsequent Effector in Cytoplasm" Mol.Biol.Cell. 4. 1027-1034 (1993)

K.Chiba：“海星 G 蛋白的 βγ 亚基诱导海星卵母细胞成熟以及细胞质中后续效应子的可能存在”Mol.Biol.Cell。4. 1027-1034 (1993)

M. Hoshi: "Glycosidases, Proteases and Ascidian Fertilization" Seminars Dev. Biol.5. 201-208 (1994)

M. Hoshi：“糖苷酶、蛋白酶和海鞘施肥”研讨会开发。