Molecular Mechanisms underlying Allo-recoguition in Ascidians

海鞘同种异体识别的分子机制

• 批准号: 04454024
• 负责人: HOSHI Motonori
• 金额: $ 3.71万
• 依托单位: Tokyo Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1992 至 1993
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04454024/
• 关键词: Allo-recognition; Ascidians; Self-sterility; Contant Reaction; Hemocyte; Sperm Binding; Chimeric Embryos; Pheno Oxidase; 組織適合抗原; 受精

The contact reaction of hemocytes and self-sterility of gametes are typical examples of all-recognition in the ascidians We have found in Halocymhia roreizi that the contact reaction is accompanied with a burst of oxygen consumption by phenol oxidase. Basing upon this finding, we developed a method to quantify the contact reaction Similar bursts were observed when hemocytes were mixed eggs or follicle cells from different individuals.Sperm binding to the vitelline coat is a step of allo- recognition in Ciona imtesinalis. Although H.roreizi is strictly self-stcrile, autologous as well as homologous spem bound to the vitelline coat. However, autologous sperm did not block fertilozation by homologous sperm at all, suggesting that binding of autologous sperm is phusiologically meaningless for fertilization. A highly hydrophobic glycoprotein of 70 kDa isolated from H.roretzi vitcllinc coats was purificd as a sperm-receptor. Thc N-terminal eicosapeptide and four other fragments (sixty residues in total)of this protein were sequenced.In order to answer a question whether self-sterility is purely genetic or it depends to some extent on a kind of clonal selection during devclopment, 8-ccll embryos of C.intestinalis were dissected into left and right halves to make chimeric chimeric embryos. No sexually matured chimeras were so for obtained.

血细胞的接触反应和配子的自身不育是海鞘全识别的典型例子。我们在罗氏盐环海鞘中发现，接触反应伴随着酚氧化酶的氧消耗爆发。基于这一发现，我们发展了一种定量接触反应的方法，当血细胞与来自不同个体的卵或卵泡细胞混合时，观察到类似的爆发。精子与卵黄被的结合是玻璃海鞘同种识别的一个步骤。虽然罗氏沼虾严格地自我控制，但自体和同源精子都与卵黄被结合。然而，自体精子完全不阻断同源精子的受精作用，这表明自体精子的结合对受精没有生理意义。从罗氏沼虾卵黄囊膜中分离到一种分子量为70 kDa的高度疏水性糖蛋白，经纯化后可作为精子受体。为了回答自交不育是纯粹遗传的还是在一定程度上依赖于发育过程中的一种克隆选择的问题，将8个卵母细胞的胚分成左右两半，制成嵌合体胚。没有获得性成熟的嵌合体。

项目成果

A.Ushiyama: "Specific Binding of Acrosome Reaction-Inducing Substance to the Head of Starfish Spermatozoa" Zygote. 1. 121-127 (1993)

A.Ushiyama：“顶体反应诱导物质与海星精子头部的特异性结合”合子。

S.Takizawa: "Effects of Protease Inhibitors on Binding of Sperm to the Vitelline Coat of the Ascidian Eggs:Implications for Participation of Proteasome(Multicatalytic Proteinase Complex)" J.Exp.Zool.267. 86-91 (1993)

S.Takizawa：“蛋白酶抑制剂对精子与海鞘卵卵黄膜结合的影响：蛋白酶体（多催化蛋白酶复合物）参与的影响”J.Exp.Zool.267。

星 元紀(分担): "細胞社会のグリオバイオロジー" 講談社サイエンチフィク, 238 (1993)

Motonori Hoshi（撰稿人）：“细胞社会的胶质生物学”讲谈社科学，238（1993）

M.Hoshi: "Glycosphingolipids:Important Membrane Components Rather Neglected in Biotechnology" Biol.Internat.special issue, 112 (1993)

M.Hoshi：“鞘糖脂：在生物技术中相当被忽视的重要膜成分”Biol.Internat.特刊，112 (1993)

Motonori Hoshi: "Metalloendoproteases Are Involved in Gamete Fusion of Ciona intestinalis" Develop.Biol.153. 165-171 (1992)

Motonori Hoshi：“金属内蛋白酶参与海鞘配子融合”Develop.Biol.153。