Comprehensive Study on Planning Controls in Historic Towns

日本的规划控制是基于郊区的独立式住宅，因此，这套控制措施不适用于道路是有机的、房屋是以传统方式建造的历史城镇。以奈良县柏原市今町为例，分析了传统城市风貌的提升主要障碍是前通道的倾斜平面控制、建筑覆盖率、窗比率、防火区的建筑材料限制等，并提出了在历史街区中用其他规则（如街道边缘规则）来取代这些规则的方法。我们还对设计指南、补助金和地方条例等非法定规范进行广泛调查。我们亦研究了英国、美国、德国及法国等西方国家的规划管制。美国的美学分区制度、英国和美国的景观保护制度、法国POS的假像管理制度等被认为有可能在日本得到应用。

Japanese planning controls are based on the surburban detached houses, therefore it is not practical for the set of controls to deal with historic towns where roads are organic and houses are being built in a traditional way. Selected Imaicho, Kashihara city, Nara, as a case, we have found that slant plan e control by front passage, building coverage ratio, window ratio, and building materials restriction in fire protection zones are major obstacles for the promotion of traditional townscape.We have proposed several ways of relaxing the regulations by substituting other rules in the historic districts such as street edge regulations. We also conduct extensive surver of non-statutory codes such as design guidelines, grant-in-aid, and local ordinances. In particular, several special zonings like aesthetic zones and scenic zones should be paid more attention as relevant tools for regulating streetscape.We have also studied planning controls for conservation in Western countries such as UK,USA,Germany and France. And some tools such as aesthetic zoning system in the USA,and view protection in UK and USA and fuseaux regulations by the POS in France are considered to have possibility to be applied in Japan.