Studies on a year-round sericulture of Japan based on an aseptic rearing of silkworms on an artificial diet

日本以人工饲料无菌养蚕为基础的全年养蚕研究

• 批准号: 05304014
• 负责人: MATSUBARA Fujiyoshi
• 金额: $ 13.5万
• 依托单位: Kyoto Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1993 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05304014/
• 关键词: Artificial diet; Aseptic rearing; Low-cost artificial diet containing bean-curd lees; Three times feeding method throughout the larval instars; Preparation method of an artificial diet; a labor-saving production method; parent silkworms of F1 hybrid

Silk production in Japan is carried out between May and October during which, mulberry leaves grow. As a result, the number of silkworm rearing is limited to three to four times per year. This study was aimed to establish a year-round sericulture system in Japan in cooperation with researchers with various academic fields and by which to activate and further develop sericultural industry of Japan. The points of study were as followes. 1. Development of a low-cost artificial diet. 2. Establishment of a preparation method of an artificial diet. 3. Study of physiology and pathology of silkworms reared on an artificial diet. 4. Selection and bleeding of a silkworm race suitable for rearing on an artificial diet. 5. Development of an artificial diet suitable for silkworm races now in use. 6. Evaluation of rearing results from the year-round sericulture system. 7. Evaluation of profitability of the year-round sericulture system.From the present study, the following achievements were obtained … More . 1. A low-cost artificial diet was developed by incorporating bean-curd lees in the diet as much as 50% for the grown silkworm larvae, which consumes 90% of diet fed throughout the feeding period. 2. Lowering the cost of an artificial diet was possible by drying mulberry leaves in the sun or buying mulberry leaves from abroad. 3. A new preparation method of an artificial diet was devised, which makes the diet in a form of a corrugated sheet, which improves the feeding efficiency of the grown silkworm larvae. 4. The cause of the occurrence of incompletely exuviated larva was disclosed. It was due to the cause related to physiology and genetics of the silkworm. 5. Rearing results from three times feeding throughout the feeding period are as follows. The amount of harvested cocoon was more than 30kg per one egg case. The length of a cocoon was more than 1,000m. No silkworm disease occurred. Silk thread was lustrous. The size of silk thread was thin with 2.5 deniers. 6. A one time feeding of an artificial diet to young silkworm larvae followed by mulberry leaves rearing throughout the rest of the feeding period yielded a satisfactory result. There was no occurrence of silkworm disease. This results indicate that an aseptic rearing of silkworms on an artificial diet during a part of the feeding period is useful in the rearing season of silkworms from May to October. Less

日本的丝绸生产在5月至10月之间进行，在此期间，桑葚生长。因此，每年养蚕的次数被限制在三到四次。本研究旨在通过与各学术领域的研究人员合作，建立日本的全年养蚕制度，以激活和进一步发展日本的养蚕业。研究的要点如下。1.低成本人工饲料的开发。2.一种人工饲料制备方法的建立。3.人工饲料育蚕的生理病理学研究。4.适于人工饲料饲养的家蚕品种的选择和放血。5.适用于现行蚕品种人工饲料的研制。6.四季养蚕制度的育效评价。7.四季养蚕系统效益的评价。从本研究中，取得了以下成果 ...更多信息 . 1.在家蚕人工饲料中添加50%的腐乳渣，使家蚕在整个饲养期内消耗90%的饲料，从而研制出一种低成本的人工饲料。2.降低人工饲料的成本可以通过在阳光下晒干桑葚或从国外购买桑葚来实现。3.设计了一种新的人工饲料配制方法，将饲料制成波纹状片状，提高了家蚕成蚕的饲养效率。4.揭示了幼虫蜕皮不完全的原因。这与家蚕的生理和遗传有关。5.在整个饲养期内进行三次饲养的饲养结果如下。每箱产茧量在30 kg以上。茧的长度超过1,000米。未发生蚕病。丝线很漂亮。丝线的尺寸是细的，具有2.5旦尼尔。6.用人工饲料一次喂育幼蚕，然后在整个饲养期内进行桑葚饲养，取得了满意的效果。未发生蚕病。这一结果表明，在5月至10月的养蚕季节，在部分饲养期内用人工饲料进行无菌养蚕是有用的。少

项目成果

Sumida M., Yuhki T., Chen R., Mori H., Imamura T.and Matsubara F.: "Aseptic rearing of original silkworm strains on an artificial diet throughout the entire larval instars" J.Seric.Sci.Jpn.64 (1). 35-38 (1995)

Sumida M.、Yuhki T.、Chen R.、Mori H.、Imamura T. 和 Matsubara F.：“在整个幼虫龄期间采用人工饲料无菌饲养原始蚕品系”J.Seric.Sci.Jpn.64

松原藤好: "生物環境調節ハンドブック(養蚕施設)" 養賢堂, 484-493 (1995)

松原藤吉：《生物环境调节手册（养蚕设施）》《养剑堂》，484-493（1995）

今村利勝: "無菌飼育法を導入した周年養蚕-真気空調装置による飼育" 日本無菌生物ノートバイオロジー学会誌. 25. 43-45 (1995)

Toshikatsu Imamura：“采用无菌饲养方法的年度养蚕 - 用真空空调饲养”日本无菌生物学会笔记生物学杂志 25. 43-45 (1995)。

松原藤好: "「無菌環境の特異性」蚕糸生産の立場から" 日本無菌生物ノートバイオロジー学会講要集. 11- (1995)

Fujiyoshi Matsubara：“从丝绸生产的角度来看‘无菌环境的特殊性’”日本无菌生物学会记录生物学会记录 11- (1995)。

今村利勝: "人工飼料無菌飼育法による周年繭生産に関する研究-1993年1-6月までの〓〓飼育成績" 日蚕学会関西講要. 53-54 (1993)

Toshikatsu Imamura：“使用人工饲料无菌饲养方法进行全年茧生产的研究 - 1993 年 1 月至 6 月的饲养结果”日本蚕学会关西讲座 53-54（1993 年）。