Study of the mechanism of bone formation using morphological and functional analyzes

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The mechanism involved in bone formation has been investigated using morphological, biochemical and molecular biological techniques, and the following results are obtained.1.The important roles of BMP-2 in the differentiation process of osteoblasts has been demonstrated using various kinds of cell lines (Yoshiki S., et al.).2.The age-related decreases in mRNA expression for bone matrix proteins in osteoblasts were revealed by in situ hybridization(Yoshiki S., et al.).3.Several genes for BMPs and BMP receptors were cloned. The changes in mRNA expression for Hox genes were analyzed during the process of ectopic bone formation induced by BMP(Sasaki S., et al.).4.BMP-2 inhibited myogenic differentiation in myoblasts, and converted their differentiation pathway into osteoblast cell lineage (Suda T., et al.).5.The tissue distribution of ChM-1 was revealed by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. The important roles of ChM-2 was demonstrated in the process of bone formation and bone resorption(Suzuki F., et al.).6.The new technique for isolation of osteocytes was developed (Kumegawa M., et al.).7.Interaction among osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts were investigated using ultrastructural histochemistry and radar microscope(Ozawa H., et al).