HISTORICAL STUDIES ON DECLNING PROCESS OF DYNASTIES IN EAST ASIA

For the purpose of analyzing the declining process of powre of the dynasties in East Asia，this study projcct aims at investigating the following five issuce；(1)Decline of military force due to defeats in war against foreign countries(2)Financial bankruptcy(3)Conflicts and disintegration within the Governmental power(4)Detachment of local powers from the Capital authority(5)Disagreicts and reintegration within the Governmental power(4)Detachment of local powers from the Capital authority(5)Disagreicts and rejecting of the dynasties in the dynasties in the east Asia，These five issues，with some difference in magnitude to their historical roles and influence，are deeply inter-related，forming major historical stroam finally toward the crumbling of dynasties.The explication of such processes is one of major objectives achieved by this study.In detailed description，llead investigator，Jun Teraji presented his three theses(I)“Reinstalling of Shi Sung-zhi(by the order of Emperor Li-zong)”···Studies on the process of the crumbling of the Southern Sung Dynasty，(Ii)“Historical view on the c…More rumbling of the Southern Sung Dynasty”，and(Iii)“Two major political streams in the history of the Sung”，all of which are included in the study report.In the above three theses the author tried to elucidate the decline of the Southern Sung Dynasty from the following two viewpoints···one is the disintegration of the power itself resulting from the above-mentioned issues(1)(2)(3)(5)，and the other the space-oriented separation and disunion between local powers and the capautital hority，resulting from the above issus(4)。The main reason for the crumbling of the Qing dynasty，he describes，was not the attacks from foregn powers as is generally bolieved。Early in the transient period from a dynasty state to a nation state，there already existed local representative governments in local provinces。While the central power failed to develop the national assembly or administrative cabinet in spite of some instances to propose for the realization of such organization。Such difference in development of organizing systems between the central power and local system accelerated the decline，finalizing the collapse of the Qing Dynasty。Less：Less

For the purpose of analyzing the declining process of powre of the dynasties in East Asia, this study projcct aims at investigating the following five issuce ; (1) Decline of military force due to defeats in war against foreign countries (2) Financial bankruptcy (3) Conflicts and disintegration within the Governmental power (4) Detachment of local powers from the Capital authority (5) Disagreement and rejects pertaining to the ethical legitimacy of the dynasty. These five issues, with some difference in magnitude to their historical roles and influence, are deeply inter-related, forming major historical stroam finally toward the crumbling of dynasties. The explication of such processes is one of major objectives achieved by this study. In detailed description, llead investigator, Jun Teraji presented his three theses (i) "Reinstalling of Shi Sung-zhi (by the order of Emperor Li-zong)"・・・Studies on the process of the crumbling of the Southern Sung Dynasty, (ii) "Historical view on the c … More rumbling of the Southern Sung Dynasty", and (iii) "Two major political streams in the history of the Sung", all of which are included in the study report. In the above three theses the author tried to elucidate the decline of the Southern Sung Dynasty from the following two viewpoints・・・one is the disintegration of the power itself resulting from the above-mentioned issues (1)(2)(3)(5), and the other the space-oriented separation and disunion between local powers and the capital authority, resulting from the above issus (4).Saburo Soda's thesis is significant on his stucy around the decline of the Qing Dynasty. The main reason for the crumbling of the Qing dynasty, he describes, was not the attacks from foregn powers as is generally bolieved. Early in the transient period from a dynasty state to a nation state, there already existed local representative governments in local provinces. while the central power failed to develop the national assembly or administrative cabinet in spite of some instances to propose for the realization of such organization. Such difference in development of organizing systems between the central power and local system accelerated the decline, finalizing the collapse of the Qing Dynasty. Less