Investigation on Cosmic High-Energy Electrons Accelerated in Super Navae

我们成功研制了BETS（带有闪烁纤维的气球载电子望远镜），通过气球飞行，用于观测能量从10GeV到几百GeV的宇宙电子。通过将观测到的能谱与扩散模型预期的能谱进行比较，研究高能电子起源和传播的新方面。 BETS 还能够在太空中观测 TeV 电子数年，我们预计在不久的将来也能进行这样的观测。年度结果总结如下。 1993 年：BETS 原型和飞行测试我们进行了模拟，以研究具有最佳观测高能电子性能的探测器设计。使用加速束测试了闪烁光纤（SciFi）的基本性能。探测器有效面积为28cm*28cm。核乳剂还用于确认位置分辨率、电子探测和电荷分辨率的能力。 9月进行了一次气球飞行测试，以证明包括电子设备和遥测系统在内的整体性能。1994年：BETS的改进和第二次飞行通过测试，需要对图像增强器、遥测系统和触发逻辑进行一些改进。通过使用第二次飞行中观察到的事件，证实了通过分析 CCD 图像来重建阵雨剖面的技术。1995 年：BETS-2 和第三次飞行 通过合并两个图像处理系统来独立地从 x 和 y 侧检测阵雨剖面，探测器得到了显着改进。 BETS-2在超过36公里的高度飞行了7.5小时，检测到频率为1.6Hz的阵雨。经证实，背景质子的排斥力优于1/2000。几乎所有超过 50GeV 的流星雨都在乳浊液中被识别出来，其位置在 SciFi 观测到的流星雨的误差范围内。通过乳液分析，显着证实了科幻小说中的电子。1996年：BETS-2校准的加速器测试在CERN-SPS进行了BETS-2的加速器测试，以确认电子的探测能力和能量分辨率。从10GeV到100GeV的电子能谱是通过加速器测试校准的BETS-2的观测事件得出的。较少的

We have successfully developed BETS (Balloon Borne Electron Telescope with Scintillating Fibers) which was flown by balloon for the observation of cosmic electrons with energies from 10GeV to a few 100GeV.A new aspcet of the origin and propagation of high energy electrons is investigated by comparing the the observed energy spectrum with those expected by a diffusion model. BETS has also capability to observe the TeV electrons for a few years in space, and we expect such an observation in near future. Summary of yearly results is presented in the following.1993 : Prototype of BETS and the flight testWe have carried out simulations to study a detector design which has the best performance for observing the high-energy electrons. The basic performance of scintillating fibers (SciFi) was tested by using accelerator beams. The effective area of detector is 28cm*28cm. Nuclear emulsion was also used for confirming the capability of position resolution, electron detection and charge resolutio … More n. A test balloon-flight was done on September to prove the total performance including the electronics and the telemetry system.1994 : Improvement of BETS and the second flightBy the test, some improvements were required on the image intensifier, the telemetry system and the trigger logics. A technique for analysis of the CCD image to reconstruct shower profiles was confirmed by using the observed events in the second flight.1995 : BETS-2 and the third flightThe detector was considerably improved by incorporating two image-processing systems to detect shower profiles independently from x and y side. The BETS-2 which was flown for 7.5 hours at an altitude more than 36km, detected showers with the frequency of 1.6Hz. It is confirmed that the rejection power of the background protons is better than 1/2000. Almost all of showers over 50GeV were identified in emulsions at the positions within an error in which showers were observed with SciFi's. The electrons which identified with SciFi's was remarkably confirmed by analysis of emulsions.1996 : Accelerator test for the calibration of BETS-2An accelerator test of BETS-2 was carried out at CERN-SPS to confirm the detection capability of electrons and the energy resolution Energy spectrum of electrons from 10GeV to 100GeV is derived by the observed events with BETS-2 calibrated by the accelerator test. Less