Investigation on Cosmic High-Energy Electrons Accelerated in Super Navae

我们成功地研制了BETS(带闪烁光纤的气球电子望远镜)，它由气球飞行，用于观测能量从10GeV到几个100GeV的宇宙电子。通过将观测到的能谱与扩散模型所预期的能谱进行比较，研究了高能电子起源和传播的新方面。贝茨还有能力在太空中观测几年的TeV电子，我们预计在不久的将来会有这样的观测。年度结果总结如下。1993：打赌原型和飞行测试我们进行了模拟，以研究一种具有最佳性能的探测器设计，以观察高能电子。利用加速器束对闪烁纤维的基本性能进行了测试。探测器有效面积为28 cm×28 cm。核乳剂也用于确认位置分辨、电子探测和电荷分辨…的能力9月份进行了一次气球试飞，以证明系统的总体性能，包括电子学和遥测系统。1994年：投注和第二次飞行的改进。通过测试，需要在像增强器、遥测系统和触发逻辑上进行一些改进。通过使用第二次飞行中观测到的事件，证实了一种分析CCD图像以重建簇射轮廓的技术。1995年：BETS-2和第三次飞行探测器通过采用两个图像处理系统独立于x和y侧探测簇射轮廓而大大改进。Bets-2在超过36公里的高度飞行了7.5个小时，探测到频率为1.6赫兹的阵雨。证实了本底质子的拒收能力优于1/2000。几乎所有超过50GeV的簇射都是在用SECFI观测到簇射的误差范围内的乳剂中识别出来的。通过对乳剂的分析，明显地证实了与SECFI的电子。1996：用于校准BETS-2的加速器测试在CERN-SPS进行了BETS-2的加速器测试，以确认电子的探测能力，并根据由加速器测试校准的BETS-2的观测事件得出了从10GeV到100GeV的电子能量分辨率能谱。较少

We have successfully developed BETS (Balloon Borne Electron Telescope with Scintillating Fibers) which was flown by balloon for the observation of cosmic electrons with energies from 10GeV to a few 100GeV.A new aspcet of the origin and propagation of high energy electrons is investigated by comparing the the observed energy spectrum with those expected by a diffusion model. BETS has also capability to observe the TeV electrons for a few years in space, and we expect such an observation in near future. Summary of yearly results is presented in the following.1993 : Prototype of BETS and the flight testWe have carried out simulations to study a detector design which has the best performance for observing the high-energy electrons. The basic performance of scintillating fibers (SciFi) was tested by using accelerator beams. The effective area of detector is 28cm*28cm. Nuclear emulsion was also used for confirming the capability of position resolution, electron detection and charge resolutio … More n. A test balloon-flight was done on September to prove the total performance including the electronics and the telemetry system.1994 : Improvement of BETS and the second flightBy the test, some improvements were required on the image intensifier, the telemetry system and the trigger logics. A technique for analysis of the CCD image to reconstruct shower profiles was confirmed by using the observed events in the second flight.1995 : BETS-2 and the third flightThe detector was considerably improved by incorporating two image-processing systems to detect shower profiles independently from x and y side. The BETS-2 which was flown for 7.5 hours at an altitude more than 36km, detected showers with the frequency of 1.6Hz. It is confirmed that the rejection power of the background protons is better than 1/2000. Almost all of showers over 50GeV were identified in emulsions at the positions within an error in which showers were observed with SciFi's. The electrons which identified with SciFi's was remarkably confirmed by analysis of emulsions.1996 : Accelerator test for the calibration of BETS-2An accelerator test of BETS-2 was carried out at CERN-SPS to confirm the detection capability of electrons and the energy resolution Energy spectrum of electrons from 10GeV to 100GeV is derived by the observed events with BETS-2 calibrated by the accelerator test. Less