Transport of KOSA,SOx, and NOx from Asia to North-polar Region

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Lidar Measurements on atmospheric aerosols and polar stratospheric clouds were performed at Ny-Aalesund, Norway and Fairbanks, Alaska, USA in winter of 1994/95 and 1995/96. Balloon-borne particle counter also was used to see size distribution of atmospheric particles at Ny-Aalesund, Norway. In summer season of 1994 and 1995 collection of atmospheric aerosols was made in China.According to lidar and balloon measurements at north polar region, stratospheric aerosols were actively transported from low-and mid-latitudes to high latitudes. In winter season aerosol processes in the polar vortex seem to act as effective sink of stratospheric earosols and important role in global budget of stratospheric materials including earosol particulate and gases.Balloon measurements made in summer of 1994 at Beijin suggested that soil particles originating from the groud distributed not only in the free troporphere but also in the lower stratosphere, suugesting that active convection of air affected chemical composition of stratospheric particles in the summer continental atmosphere.Lidar and aircrafts measurements made in Japan showed that lots of particulate matter were transported in the free troposphere from asian continent to west central pasific area. Sometimes the particles were strongly chemically transformed during their traveling in the free troposphere.