Atmospheric processes over the Tibetan plateau : atmospheric particle surface reaction destroying ozone

青藏高原的大气过程：大气颗粒表面反应破坏臭氧

• 批准号: 10041115
• 负责人: IWASAKA Yasunobu
• 金额: $ 7.94万
• 依托单位: Nagoya University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A).
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10041115/
• 关键词: Tibetan plateau atmosphere; Tibetan ozone valley; Stratospheric aerosol at Tibet; Aerosols near the tropopause

The Tibetan Plateau is very interesting area from the standing view of atmospheric chemistry and aerosol science since this area frequently produces large strong upwelling motion in summer season and affect climate and atmospheric environment in asia-pacific region. We conduct following observations at the campus of Tibet Meteorological Bureau and other observational sites during the period of observational campaign :1. Tropospheric stratospheric ozone concentration with an ozone sonde2. Tropospheric and stratospheric aerosol concentration and shapes with a lidar3. Tropospheric and stratospheric aerosol concentration and size with an aerosol sonde4. Observation of shape of tropospheric aerosol, surface structure of tropospheric aerosols, chemical element of tropospheric aerosols, chemical composition of materials on the particles with an electron microscope and a microscopic FTIRThose observations firstly revealed temporal spatial changes in tropospheric and stratospheric ozone and aerosol distribution over the Tibetan area. It is worth to note on the basis of those observations that enhanced aerosol layer appeared near the local tropopause where aerosol concentration was low at other observational sites. One possible explanation is that the aerosol layer is due to active upwelling motion of the air containing lots of water vapor since air with high water vapor concentration is frequently transported from the Indian ocean to the southern asian continent during asian monsoon periods.The preliminary report of the measurements was presented in First Asian Aerosol Conference, July 1999, Nagoya, Japan.Detailed analysis of the observational results has been made combining meteorological data, satellite data, and so on. The present results showing the tropopause aerosols are to be very valuable for studies of atmospheric chemical effects of the particulate matter.

从大气化学和气溶胶科学的角度来看，青藏高原是一个非常有趣的地区，因为该地区在夏季经常产生大的强上升流运动，并影响亚太地区的气候和大气环境。在观测期间，我们在西藏气象局校园和其他观测点进行了以下观测：1。用臭氧探测仪测量对流层平流层臭氧浓度2。对流层和平流层气溶胶浓度和形状与激光雷达3。用气溶胶探测仪测量对流层和平流层气溶胶浓度和大小4。用电子显微镜和显微FTIR对对流层气溶胶形态、气溶胶表面结构、气溶胶化学成分、气溶胶粒子表面物质的化学组成进行了观测，首次揭示了青藏高原对流层和平流层臭氧的时空变化和气溶胶分布。值得注意的是，在这些观测的基础上，增强的气溶胶层出现在对流层顶附近，在其他观测站点气溶胶浓度较低。一种可能的解释是，气溶胶层是由于含有大量水汽的空气的活跃上涌运动造成的，因为在亚洲季风期间，高水汽浓度的空气经常从印度洋输送到南亚大陆。本文结合气象资料、卫星资料等对观测结果进行了详细的分析，指出对流层顶气溶胶的观测结果对研究颗粒物的大气化学效应是很有价值的。