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Evaluation on drought tolerance in sweet potato and cassava

甘薯和木薯的耐旱性评价

基本信息

批准号：
06044099
负责人：
KONO Yasuhiro
金额：
$ 3.26万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06044099/
关键词：
Cassava Drought resistance Root Root system Soil moisture Sweet potato Soil temperature

项目摘要

This study aimed to examine the root system development and plasticity in sweetpotato and cassava in relation to their drought tolerance. Among the huge genetic stock developed or collected so far, several genotypes for each species were selected for this study. Specifically, we have conducted a series of pot and root box experiments to evaluate the root system development in both species under high root-zone temperature stress and drouht stress imposed at different growth stages, for various periods and degrees. Major findings were : 1) high root-zone temperature promoted the shoot growth, while it inhibited the whole root system development in general, but development in the lateral roots of high branching orders (2nd and 3rd) was promoted ; 2) both species were very sensitive to drought stress which generally reduced shoot and root growth. However, rewatering after drought promoted especially the development of lateral roots of high branching orders ; 3) genotypic differences were also noted in the responses to drought. There was a genotype in each species that maintained or increased root growth under drought (cv. VSP-2 for sweetpotato and cv. PSR-74 for cassava). Besides, four farmers' fields in Leyte, Philippines, planted with different sweetpotato varieties were visited, in which we surveyed the root system development and soil physical and chemical conditions so that the results of the pot experiments be verified. In addition, field experiments are now being attempted to evaluate the drought tolerance including water relations and the root system development in the field. For the purpose, a rain shelter is being constructed at the moment. As such, in this study, we showed the development and responses of the root system to the soil stresses which are the least-studied part of the root crops. Efforts still continue to complete the experiments and survey, and organize the data for publication.

研究甘薯和木薯根系发育和可塑性与耐旱性的关系。在迄今为止开发或收集的巨大遗传资源中，每个物种选择了几个基因型用于本研究。具体而言，我们进行了一系列的盆栽和根箱试验，以评估在高根区温度胁迫和干旱胁迫下，在不同的生长阶段，不同时期和程度的根系发育。主要调查结果如下：（1）根区高温促进了新梢的生长，但总体上抑制了整个根系的发育，但促进了高分枝级侧根（2级和3级）的发育;（2）两种植物对干旱胁迫都非常敏感，干旱胁迫普遍抑制了新梢和根系的生长。干旱后复水对高分枝级侧根的发育有促进作用; 3）干旱胁迫下的基因型差异。每个物种都有一种基因型可以在干旱条件下维持或增加根系生长（cv. VSP-2甘薯和cv. PSR-74（木薯）。此外，还考察了菲律宾莱特省4个种植不同甘薯品种的农户，调查了根系发育和土壤理化状况，以验证盆栽试验的结果。此外，目前正在进行田间试验，以评估耐旱性，包括田间水分关系和根系发育。为此，目前正在建造一个避雨棚。因此，在这项研究中，我们展示了根系的发展和对土壤胁迫的反应，这是块根作物研究最少的部分。目前仍在继续努力完成实验和调查，并整理数据以供出版。