A study on formation process ofthe Okhotsk culture based on fieldwork of northern Hokkaido

关于鄂霍次克文化的起源，存在两种理论的对立。一个是这是由从阿穆尔瓦辛地区通过库页岛迁移到北海道建立的。据估计，这一群体起源于阿穆尔兰的Mokhe人。另一种观点认为，这一文化的主要承载者是北方北海道的上绳文文化群体，他们接受了阿穆尔-萨哈林新石器文化的文化影响。1994年我们在北海道北方和里西里岛沿岸进行了一系列的沿着普查。根据这些结果，我们决定在岛上西北海岸的Tanetonnai遗址进行挖掘。1995年，我们在这个遗址进行了三周的挖掘。因此，我们获得了许多好的信息，包括以下事实：从Epi-Jomon到鄂霍次克文化的前半部分，这里保存了一个村庄的废墟，这个村庄的人有共同的文化特征，例如居住在坑中，使用石堆的坑用于公鸡，以及以海洋哺乳动物狩猎和捕鱼为基础。我们可以指出，在物质文化中，陶器的类型显示出从Epi-Jomon到鄂霍次克文化通过Susuya类型逐渐而连续的变化。

There are a confrontation of two theorys on the origin of the Okhotsk culture. The one is that this is established by a migration from Amur Vassin area to Hokkaido through Sakhalin. This group is estimated to originate in Mokhe people in Amurland. The other is based on the view that the main part of the bearer of this culture is composed of group of the Epi-Jomon culture northern Hokkaido and they accepted thecultural influences of Amur-Sakhalin neolithic culture. This study aims to collect the evidences to make clear this problem standing on the latter point of view.In 1994 We carried out serries of general surveys along the coast of northern Hokkaido and Island of Risiri. On the result of these we decided to do excavation at the Tanetonnai site, northwest coast of Island.In 1995 we did excavation in three weeks at this site. As a result we obtained many good information including next facts :There have been preserved a ruin of village here at shortest from Epi-Jomon until the former half of the Okhotsk culture and the people of this village have common cultutral traits such as to live pit-dwellings, to use pits with stone-pile for cocking and to base on sea-mammal hunting and fishing.Of the material culture we can point out that typology of potteries show a gradual and continuous changes from Epi-Jomon to Okhotsk culture through Susuya-type.