A study on formation process ofthe Okhotsk culture based on fieldwork of northern Hokkaido

基于北海道北部田野调查的鄂霍茨克文化形成过程研究

• 批准号: 06301046
• 负责人: MAEDA Ushio
• 金额: $ 2.82万
• 依托单位: University of Tsukuba
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06301046/
• 关键词: the Mokhe culture; Epi-Jomon culture; Susuya-type; sea-mammal hunting; pit-dwelling; pit with stone pile; 回転式銛頭; 竪穴式住居; 十和田式土器; 靺鞨文化; 後北式土器; 堅穴式住居

There are a confrontation of two theorys on the origin of the Okhotsk culture. The one is that this is established by a migration from Amur Vassin area to Hokkaido through Sakhalin. This group is estimated to originate in Mokhe people in Amurland. The other is based on the view that the main part of the bearer of this culture is composed of group of the Epi-Jomon culture northern Hokkaido and they accepted thecultural influences of Amur-Sakhalin neolithic culture. This study aims to collect the evidences to make clear this problem standing on the latter point of view.In 1994 We carried out serries of general surveys along the coast of northern Hokkaido and Island of Risiri. On the result of these we decided to do excavation at the Tanetonnai site, northwest coast of Island.In 1995 we did excavation in three weeks at this site. As a result we obtained many good information including next facts :There have been preserved a ruin of village here at shortest from Epi-Jomon until the former half of the Okhotsk culture and the people of this village have common cultutral traits such as to live pit-dwellings, to use pits with stone-pile for cocking and to base on sea-mammal hunting and fishing.Of the material culture we can point out that typology of potteries show a gradual and continuous changes from Epi-Jomon to Okhotsk culture through Susuya-type.

在鄂霍次克文化的起源问题上，存在着两种学说的对立。其一，这是通过萨哈林从阿穆尔瓦辛地区迁徙到北海道而建立的。据估计，这一群体起源于阿穆兰的Mokhe人。另一种观点认为，这种文化的载体主体是北海道北部的埃皮若蒙文化群体，他们接受了新石器时代的阿穆尔-萨哈林文化的影响。本研究旨在收集证据，站在后一种观点上弄清这一问题。1994年，我们在北海道北部沿海和里西里岛进行了一系列普查。根据这些结果，我们决定在岛西北海岸的Tanetonnai遗址进行挖掘。1995年，我们在这个遗址进行了三个星期的挖掘。因此，我们得到了许多好的信息，包括以下事实：这里保存了一个村庄的废墟，从Epi-Joman到鄂霍次克文化的前半部分，这个村庄的人有共同的文化特征，如住坑居住，用石头堆坑养鸡，以海洋哺乳动物狩猎和捕鱼为基础。在物质文化上，我们可以指出，陶器的类型呈现出从Epi-JAC.105到Okhotsk文化通过Susuya类型的渐进和持续的变化。