Designe and Evaluation of the Afforestation of Desort by Water Controll

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In 1994, the simulator for the estimation of the large scale rainfall distribution was developed. Using this simulator under the boundary and initial conditions provided by the global model, we investigated the effect of the earth's surface conditions to rainfall.We examined the underground water transfer, especially the salt water transfer to the upper ground and the accumulation of salt using imitate earth. As a result, it was proed that the water transfer was promoted and the salt accumulation at surface might be suppressed under the conditions of IR irradiation assuming sunbeam. The humid air and the ascendeing current was necessary to rainfall on desert, so we showed two ways, the installation of artificial mountain and the formation of the ascending current by the thermal convection. As for the occurrence of the humid air, we supposed the promotion of evaporation by artificial shallows. Based on the thermal balance in shallow water surface, the evaporation rate of humid air for equilibrium water temperature was estimated. The water balance relationship between evaporation rate, soil humidity and evaporation on soil surface were examined from model experiment.In 1995, development of the climate simulation program in desert and evaluation of plant trees scenario in desert was performed. For the coastal region of 600km * 600km in West Australian Desert, the calculation according to mass balance and energy balance was executed, and the modification amount was calculated about vapor in the atmosphere and rainfall. Changing albedo, rise and fall on surface and water containing rate, vapor in the atmosphere and rainfall was increased. Furthermore, the cost calculation of plant trees to fix carbon and comparison with other measures was necessary to the realization of plant trees in desert. Therefore we investigated the way of evaluation.