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Comparative study on the structural change in tropical timber trade : cases of timber impoters in Japan and Korea

热带木材贸易结构变化比较研究：日本和韩国木材进口商案例

基本信息

批准号：
06451122
负责人：
KUMAZAKI Minoru
金额：
$ 1.79万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TSUKUBA
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06451122/
关键词：
Japan Korea Sautheast Asia Tropical timber Trade of forest products Forest resources Wood Panel Environment 熱帯材貿易構造木材消費構造木材輸入相手国国内森林資源状況経済構造南洋材森林開発

项目摘要

The structure of wood production and international trade of forest products have drastically changed since 1990's. Decline of natural stock and rise of natural resources nationalism led to shifts in site of production, from natural forests to forest plantations, and in commodity form, from round wood to more final products. Japan and Korea, as largest forest products importers in Asia, have also been obliged to change by such world trends. The direction and extent of these changes, however, vary between both countries with amount and type of wood consumption.In Japan, wood is used mainly in housing construction as structural timber, in contrast to larger demand on engineering works, construction, interior and furniture in Korea. As a result, Japan has shifted to import of high value-added products, while import of low-grade round wood is still dominant in Korea. Rapid degradation and shrinkage of natural forest resources in Southeast Asia urged both countries to expand import of artificial forest products and to diversifyforest products exporting countries. Sharing these similarities in basic structure, however, some differences can be found between Japan and Korea in trade of forest products from Southeast Asia. Import of wood panels, for instance, is increasing in Japan as a substitute of plywood, while it is under a stage of grouping in Korea where furniture takes an important place in wood processing industry.The world tendency is toward reduction of forest products, especially round wood import from the tropics, and so are Japan and Korea. Under such a circumstance, importers of forest products in both countries are compelled to keep the strategies to put greater importance on trade of final products and to expand multi-lateral business connections. In addition, import of forest products from Southeast Asia is increasing in China, contrary to the trend in Japan and Korea.

20世纪90年代以来，木材生产结构和林产品国际贸易发生了巨大变化。自然资源存量的减少和自然资源民族主义的兴起导致生产地点从天然林转移到森林种植园，商品形式从圆木转移到更最终的产品。日本和韩国作为亚洲最大的森林产品进口国，也不得不因这种世界趋势而改变。然而，这些变化的方向和程度因两国的木材消费量和类型而异。在日本，木材主要用于房屋建筑，作为结构木材，而在韩国，工程、建筑、室内装饰和家具的需求量更大。因此，日本已转向进口高附加值产品，而韩国进口的仍是低档圆木。东南亚天然林资源的迅速退化和萎缩，促使两国扩大人工林产品进口，实现林产品出口国多元化。日韩两国对东南亚的林产品贸易在基本结构上有相似之处，但也存在一些差异。以日本为例，作为胶合板的替代品，木板的进口量正在增加，而家具在木材加工业中占有重要地位的韩国则处于集团化阶段。世界的趋势是减少林产品，特别是来自热带地区的圆木的进口，日本和韩国也是如此。在这种情况下，两国的林产品进口商不得不保持更加重视最终产品贸易和扩大多边商业联系的战略。此外，中国从东南亚进口的林产品也在增加，与日本和韩国的趋势相反。