Effect of diurnal change of turgor pressure on wood formation

膨胀压力日变化对木材形成的影响

• 批准号: 06454094
• 负责人: OKUYAMA Takashi
• 金额: $ 3.84万
• 依托单位: Nagoya University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06454094/
• 关键词: tree; secondary growth; inner bark; tangential strain; diurnal change; turgor pressure; water potential; protoplasm separation; 水ポテンシャル; 内樹皮; 日周期; 原形質分離; 二次成長

The aim of this research was to establish a method of detecting the diurnal change of turgor pressure in the living cells of tree by using the strain gage and also to understand the relation between the turgor pressure and the secondary growth of the tree.The diurnal change of the tangential strain in the inner bark was measured, leading to the following results.1, Under the natural light condition, the tangential strain in the inner bark of the tree trunk showed a maximum shrinkage at about two o'clock in the afternoon, expanding gradually later in the afternoon until night-time. The maximum expansion was observed before the daybreak and during the day period a sudden shrinkage was appreciated at the same time when the sunshine started.The tangential strain measured in a growing chamber with controlled artificial lighting made clear that the diurnal change of the strain coincided with the change of sunlight illumination.2, The tangential strain had a high correlation with the water po … More tential measured in the leaves measured with a psychrometer.3, The tangential strain observed under the maximum shrinkage condition, was suddenly released when the leaves were removed or topping was done. Tangential strain shrinks corresponding to large water stress.During the process of withering, the shrunk strain did not recover even after water was supplied once the water potential became less than -1.5MPa. Two steps were recognized in the shrinkage process of the tangential strain. The strain shrunk up to the point when protoplasm separation would be occurred in the cell stops to shrink and start again to shrink by further drying.4, From the above results, it was clear that the diurnal change of tangential strain was due to the change in turgor pressure of living cells generated by the change in negative water pressure induced by both, transpiration and imbibition.5, The calculation made from the data of tangential strain and Young's modulus of the inner bark gave a value of 0.3-0.4MPa as the turgor pressure of living cells. The amount of diurnal change of the turgor pressure was estimated at 16-88Kpa.In this research, a method of continuous measurement of turgor pressure of living cells related to water potential was developed.Further research will enable to understand the generation process of the physical properties of wood in relation to the cell wall formation. Less

本研究的目的是建立一种利用应变片检测树木活细胞内膨压日变化的方法，并了解膨压与树木二次生长的关系。测量树皮内侧切向应变的日变化，结果如下：1、在自然光条件下，树干内侧树皮的切向应变在下午2点左右出现最大收缩，并在下午晚些时候逐渐扩大，直到夜间。在人工可控光照条件下，室内测得的切向应变与光照的日变化相吻合。2、切向应变与水体PO-…高度相关3，在最大收缩条件下观察到的切向应变，在去掉叶片或打顶时突然释放出来。切向应变随水分胁迫的增大而收缩，在枯萎过程中，一旦水势降至-1.5 Mpa以下，即使供水后收缩的应变也不能恢复。切向应变的收缩过程分为两个阶段。从上述结果可以清楚地看出，切向应变的日变化是由于蒸腾和吸胀引起的负水压的变化所产生的活细胞膨压的变化。5、根据切向应变和内树皮的杨氏模数计算得出的值为活细胞的膨压为0.3-0.4 Mpa。膨胀压力的日变化量估计为16-88Kpa。在本研究中，建立了一种与水势相关的活细胞膨胀压力的连续测量方法。进一步的研究将有助于了解木材物理性质与细胞壁形成有关的产生过程。较少

项目成果

Okuyama, T.Yoshida, M.and Yamamoto, H.: "Diurnal Change in Trangential Strain of Inner Bark I.Continuous measurement using a strain gage." Tree Sap(Hokkaido University Press). 71-79 (1995)

Okuyama, T.Yoshida, M. 和 Yamamoto, H.：“内树皮切向应变的日变化 I。使用应变计进行连续测量。”

Okuyama T, Yoshida and M. Yamamoto, H.: "An estimation of Turgor Pressure Change as One of Factors of Growth Stress Generation in Cell Wall. Diurnal change in tangential strain of inner bark." Mokuzai-Gakkaishi. 41(12). 1070-1078 (1995)

Okuyama T、Yoshida 和 M. Yamamoto, H.：“作为细胞壁生长应力产生因素之一的膨压变化的估计。内树皮切向应变的日变化。”

Okuyama T.et al.: "An estimation of Turgor pressure Change as One of Factors of Growth Stress Generation in Cell Wall. iurnal change in tangential strain of inner bark." Mokuzai Gakkaishi. 41. 1070-1078 (1995)

Okuyama T.et al.：“作为细胞壁生长应力产生因素之一的膨压变化的估计。内树皮切向应变的昼夜变化。”

Okuyama T, Yoshida, M. Yamamoto, H. and Sakai, T.: "A Physical Behavior of Tree During Secondary Growth, Diurnal change of tangential strain of sapling." Resumes Plant biomechanics. 133-134 (1994)

Okuyama T、Yoshida、M. Yamamoto, H. 和 Sakai, T.：“树木在次生生长过程中的物理行为，树苗切向应变的日变化”。

Yamamoto, H., Okuyama, T. and Yoshida, M.: "Generation Process of Growth Stresses in Cell Walls VI, Action of the outer layer of the secondary wall upon the generation of the growth stresses" Mokuzai-Gakkaishi. 41(1). 1-8 (1995)

Yamamoto, H.、Okuyama, T. 和 Yoshida, M.：“细胞壁生长应力的产生过程 VI，次生壁外层对生长应力产生的作用”Mokuzai-Gakkaishi。