Studies on the physical process of development and maturation of tree cells

树细胞发育成熟物理过程的研究

• 批准号: 10460072
• 负责人: OKUYAMA Takashi
• 金额: $ 5.5万
• 依托单位: NAGOYA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10460072/
• 关键词: cell wall thickening; microfibrils; glucomannan; diurnal periodieity; SEM-EDX; turgor pressure; cell wall; immunogold labelling; FE-SEM; 光周期; キシラン抗体; 接線ひずみ; リグニン; あて材

The objective of this research is to investigate the role of the diurnal change of turgor pressure in the newly formed cells on the cell wall formation. That is, the shrinkage/expansion of the cell wall due to the turgor pressure change cases an influence to the deposition of the lignin and cellulose.In this fiscal year, the final year of this research, we succeeded in visualizing the diurnal difference in the deposition of cell wall substance.The differentiating cells were collected from Sugi, Cryptomeria japonica D.Don planted in the nursery in the campus of Nagoya University, at AM 6 : 00 when the tangential strain on the inner bark showed the maximum expansion. In the similar way, the cambium cells were collected at PM 4 : 00 when the tangential strain reached its minimum strain. Both sample were subjected to the SEM-EDX analysis after selective staining of glucomannan by means of an immunogold labelling method.The result showed that the microfibrils were clearly observed on the inner surface of differentiating tracheid of the specimens collected at daytime. That is no gold particles were observed. While, on the inner surface of tracheid in the specimen prepared at am 6 : 00, many gold particles adhered to the amorphous substance were clearly observed. Microfibrils formed in the daytime were not visible due to the amorphous materials.As the conclusion, diurnal periodicity was confirmed in the deposition of cell wall substance. That is, cellulose is deposited on the cell walls in the daytime, while hemi-celluloses are deposited in the nighttime.

本研究的目的是研究新形成的细胞膨胀压的昼夜变化对细胞壁形成的作用。也就是说，由于膨胀压力变化而导致的细胞壁收缩/膨胀对木质素和纤维素的沉积产生影响。在本研究的最后一年，本财年，我们成功地可视化了细胞壁物质沉积的昼夜差异。分化细胞是从在名古屋大学校园的苗圃中种植的杉树（Crypomeria japonica D.Don）中收集的。 AM 6: 00 此时内树皮切向应变显示出最大膨胀。以类似的方式，在下午4:00当切向应变达到其最小应变时收集形成层细胞。两种样品均采用免疫金标记法对葡甘露聚糖进行选择性染色后进行SEM-EDX分析。结果显示，白天采集的标本分化管胞内表面清晰可见微纤维。也就是说没有观察到金颗粒。而在上午6:00制备的样品的管胞内表面上，可以清楚地观察到许多附着在无定形物质上的金颗粒。由于非晶态物质，白天形成的微纤维是不可见的。因此，细胞壁物质的沉积证实了昼夜周期性。即，纤维素在白天沉积在细胞壁上，而半纤维素在夜间沉积。

项目成果

Masato Yoshida et al.: "An investigation of change in tangential strain on the inner bark of the stem and root of Betula platyphylla var japonica and Acer mono during sap season" Journal of Wood Science. (in press).

Masato Yoshida 等人：“树液季节期间白桦和枫树茎和根内皮切向应变变化的研究”《木材科学》杂志。

Yoshida, M., et al.: "Periodicity as a factor in the generation of isotropic compressive growth stress between microfibrils in cell wall formation during a twenty-four hour period."Holforschung. 54. 469-473 (2000)

Yoshida, M., 等人：“周期性是二十四小时内细胞壁形成过程中微原纤维之间产生各向同性压缩生长应力的一个因素。” Holforschung。

Yoshida,M., et al.: "Estimating the equilibrium position by measuring growth stress in weeping branches of Prunus spachiana f.spachiana cv.Plenarosea."J.Wood Sci.. 46(1). 59-62 (2000)

Yoshida,M., et al.：“通过测量 Prunus spachiana f.spachiana cv.Plenarosea 垂枝的生长应力来估计平衡位置。”J.Wood Sci. 46(1)。

M.Yoshida,Yamamoto,H.and Okuyama,T.: "Estimating the equilibrium position by measuring growth stress in weeping branches of Prunus spachiana f.spachiana cv.Plenarosea."J.Wood Sci.. 46(1). 59-62 (2000)

M.Yoshida，Yamamoto，H. 和 Okuyama，T.：“通过测量 Prunus spachiana f.spachiana cv.Plenarosea 垂枝的生长应力来估计平衡位置。”J.Wood Sci. 46(1)。

M.Yoshida,Hosoo,H.and Okuyama,T.: "Periodicity as a factor in the generation of isotropic compressive growth stress between microfibrils in cell wall formation during a twenty-four hour period."Holforschung. 54. 469-473 (2000)

M.Yoshida，Hosoo，H. 和 Okuyama，T.：“周期性是二十四小时内细胞壁形成中的微纤维之间产生各向同性压缩生长应力的一个因素。” Holforschung。