WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR UNIVERSITY FORESTS

最近在东京大学森林千叶、赤地武等地的天然林和人工林中进行了各种关于林业和森林环境研究的研究和教育计划，野生动物如西卡鹿的种群和分布区域一直在增加，并对种植园林和天然植物群造成严重破坏。应根据对人口和损害增加的因素以及环境承受能力的研究，建立森林和野生动物综合管理。在这些研究中，鹿保护区已经通过用电线围栏大约40公顷的森林来解决，以保持当地西卡种群没有迁移，也没有人为干扰。该电网由太阳能电池产生高压脉冲电流，当动物碰到电网时，会产生强烈的电击，使其远离电网。在千叶大学森林中，随着电网的断开，西卡鹿种群数量的变化和植物的破坏， ...更多信息 呃保护区内外已经调查了三年，然而，在千叶森林，为遥测研究捕捉并标记鹿个体的工作一直未取得成功，但在赤提布森林，捕捉熊并标记个体的工作出乎意料地取得了成功。在房总半岛南部，包括千叶森林，县环境厅实施了鹿的管理，通过花费高昂且需要人力的射击来降低种群水平。在房总半岛这样地形复杂的陡峭山地森林中，区块计数不适合西卡种群计数，需要任何其他替代方法来准确计数鹿的数量。西卡鹿种群数量的增加和分布区的扩大也引起了水蛭种群的爆发，对居民和游客造成了一定的危害。对水蛭的生物学进行了研究，并提出了防治的依据。结论是，在大范围内，应在监测种群数量和危害的基础上，采取密度控制措施。在当地还应采取围栏或使用驱虫剂等适当措施。少

Recently in the Tokyo University Forests at Chiba, Chitibu and others in which natural and man-made forests various research and educational programs have been carried out on forestry and forest environment studies, populations and distribution areas of wildlife such as sika deer have been increasing, and causing severe damages against plantation trees and natural floras. Based on studies on factors of population and damage increase as well as carrying capacities of the environments, integrated forest and wildlife management should be established. For these studies a deer reserve has been settled by fencing some 40 ha forest with electric powered wires to maintain local sika population without migration, nor human disturbances. The power fence is generated by solar battery, and high voltage pulsed current will give strong shock to animals when they hit wire, and keep them away from the fence afterward.In the University Forest at Chiba sika deer population change and plant damages by de … More er in and outside the reserve have been investigated for three years. However, it has not been successful in capturing and marking individual deer for telemetry study at Chiba Forest, it was unexpectedly successful in capturing bears and marking individually at Chitibu Forest.In the southern part of the Boso Peninsula, including Chiba Forest, Prefectural Environment Agency has implemented deer management to lower population level by shooting which costs much and needs man power. Block count was not well fitted for sika population count in such a steep mountainous forest with complicated topography as in the Boso Peninsula, and any other alternatives are needed to count accurate number of deers. Sika deer population increase and expansion of distribution area also have caused outbreak of the land leech population in areas that has caused nuisance to the inhabitant and tourist, of which biology has been studied as a basis for possible control.As a conclusion, in wide area density control of wildlife should be adopted based on proper monitoring of population level and resultant damages, and in local area some suitable measures such as fencing or use of repellents should be adopted additionally. Less