Development of a superfluid shock tube facility

本研究的目的是研制超流激波管装置，它是一个多用途的通用实验装置，用于研究超流氦中的激波和热流体动力学现象。此外，还利用该装置进行了相关的实验研究。(1)完成了装置的设计、制造和冲击性能试验。在激波管低压段用超流氦进行的试验表明，激波管的激波性能是令人满意的，可用于各种科学和工程实验。(2)用激光全息干涉仪的可视化方法和超导温度传感器研究二次声热冲击波：研究了超流破裂引起的传播和脉冲波形变形，得到了加热器上和热冲击后高密度量子化涡旋发展的有价值的信息，以及高密度量子化涡旋的发展。 ...更多信息 He中的瞬态传热(3)热脉冲直接入射到He II自由表面上引起的蒸发现象的实验研究和数值计算：传播的蒸发蒸汽波以干涉图的形式清楚地可视化。实验得到了第二声热冲击波在自由表面的反射规律，并与卡拉特尼科夫的理论作了肯定的比较。为了提高干涉图的分辨率，将传统的激光全息干涉仪改造为双光束激光全息干涉仪。(4)基于双流体方程组和Vinen涡线密度发展方程对超流热流体动力学现象进行了数值模拟：通过与实验结果的比较，对VInen方程涡线密度初值和源项进行了研究。本文成功地发展了一种二维分析方法，并应用于热激波在二维楔形体上的反射问题。(5)该设施的有效性进行了讨论，得出结论，该设施可用于预期的各种实验。为了提高性能和方便操作，还提出了一些改进措施。少

The objectives of this research are the development of the superfluid shock tube facility which is a multi-purpose general experimental facility for shock wave and thermo-fluid dynamic phenomena in superfluid helium. In addition, several relating experimental studies have been also conducted by using the facility.(1) The design and manufacturing of the facility and shock performance test have been completed. The test with superfluid helium in the low pressure section of the shock tube demonstrated that the shock performance is quite satisfactory for a wide variety of scientific and engineering experiments.(2) Study of second sound thermal shock waves by visualization method of laser holography interferometer and by using superconductive temperature sensors : The propagation and the pulse form deformation due to the breakdown of superfluidity are investigated to yield valuable information on the development of high density quantized vortex on a heater and behind a thermal shock and high … More ly transient heat transfer in He II.(3) Study of evaporation phenomena induced by the direct incidence of a thermal pulse on a free surface of He II both experimentally and by numerical computation : A propagating evaporated vapor wave is clearly visualized in the form of an interferogram. The reflection law of a second sound thermal shock wave from a free surface is experimentally obtained and affirmatively compared with Khalatnikov's theory. An attempt to modify the conventional laser holography interferometer to a two-beam laser holography interferometer was made for a higher resolution of interferograms.(4) Numerical simulation of superfluid thermo-fluid dynamic phenomena on the basis of the two-fluid equation system supplemented with the equation of vortex line density development proposed by Vinen : The initial value of the vortex line density and the source term of the VInen equation are investigated by comparing the result with experimental ones. A scheme for two-dimensional analysis is successfully developed and applied to a problem of a thermal shock wave reflection on a two-dimensional wedge.(5) The validity of the facility is discussed to conclude that the facility can be used for the various experiments anticipated. Some modification are also suggested for the higher performance and easy operation. Less