The development of a new diagnostic method for uterine endometrial cancer, using monoclonal antibody for glicolipids, and its application for mass screening

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We measured the levels of the "MSN-1" antigen (mainly the Lewis^b sugar chain) in endometrial cell samples using an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) with the anti-uterine cancer monoclonal antibody MSN-1. We developed a new diagnostic EmC-EIA (Endometrial Cell Enzyme Immunoassay) method for endometrial cancer which enabled distinction between normal endometrial cells and cancer cells according to quantitative differences in the level of MSN-1 antigen.The original EmC-EIA method was also improved. Since long term storage of samples is possible and the procedure is simple, this EmC sandwich EIA method could easily be made into a kit. Its clinical applicability was confirmed using many clinical samples. The EmC sandwich EIA method involves solubilization with surfactant of the residual cells adhering to the sample collection device after endometrial cytodiagnosis. The primary antibodies for actin (protein content) and MSN-1 are bound to a microtiter plate. Subsequently, the amount of MSN-1 antige … More n per unit protein in the cell sample is measured by a sandwich EIA using enzme-labeled MSN-1 and antiactin antibodies. We investigated 48 samples of normal endometrium, 11 of endometrial hyperplasia, and 45 of endometrial cancer. The positive rate (when the mean +2 SD for normal endometrium was taken as the cut-off value) was 4.2% for normal endometrium, 45.5% for endometrial hyperplasia, and 66.7% for endometrial cancer. The positive rate was 76% for well-differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma, a particularly high value. In a study of 35 patients with uterine cancer who underwent both cytodiagnosis and the EmC sandwich EIA,the positive rate was 63.3% for cytodiagnosis and 63.3% for the EmC sandwich EIA.However, when the two methods were combined, the positive rate rase 83.3%.In conclusion, the EmC sandwich EIA was found to be useful as a auxiliary procedure to cytodiagnosis in patients with uterine cancer, especially those with well-differentiated adenocarcinoma which is often hard to evaluate by cytodiagnosis. Since this assay has various features such as application as a kit, it could also be used for screenig. Less