RESEARCH OF THE AXE ADZE IN PALEOLITHIC AGE

在旧石器时代，日本人使用了多种类型的斧和斧。旧石器时代的人类在石器工具上使用刃磨技术是非常罕见的。在日本，从30，000BP开始，他们使用刃磨技术。刃磨斧的形状通过还原而改变。通过循环边缘损坏和重新整形还原，斧变得更小。在这项研究中，我首先对日本的旧石器时代进行了年代学研究。然后，笔者研究了斧形的变化，早、晚旧石器时代斧形为椭圆形，中、晚旧石器时代斧形为长方形，这是还原体系发生变化的原因，认为还原体系的变化是由环境条件和考古学的进步所引起的，距离采石场的距离，石器资源的稀缺性和石器的用途与特定的生态条件有关，斧形的变化反映了更新世人类与环境的互动关系。

IN PALEOLITHIC AGE,IN JAPAN THEY USED MANY TYPES OF AXE AND ADZE.IT WAS VERY RARE CASE THAT THE HUMAN IN PALEOLITHIC AGE HAD THE TECHNIQUE OF EDGE-GROUND ON LITHIC TOOLS.IN JAPAN,FROM 30,000BP THEY USED EDGE-GROUND TECHNIQUE.THE SHAPES OF EDGE-GROUND AXE CHANGED BY REDUCTION.AXES BECOME SMALLER BY RECYCLING EDGE DAMEGE AND RESHAPENING REDUCTION.IN THIS STUDY,FIRSTLY,I MADE THE CHRONOLOGY OF JANANESE PALEOLITHIC AGE.AND THEN,I STUDIED THE CHANGE OF AXE-SHAPES.THE SHAPE OF AXE WAS OVAL IN EARLY LATE PALEOLITHIC.IN MIDDLE LATE PALEOLITHIC,THE SHAPE OF AXE BECAME LONG-SQUARE.THAT IS THE REASON REDUCTION SYSTEM WAS CHANGED.I THINK THAT THE CHANGE OF REDUCTION SYSTEM WAS OCCUERD BY ENVIRONMENNTAL CONDITION AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS.THE DISTANCE FROM QUORRY,THE RARENESS OF LITHIC RESOURCE AND PURPOSE OF LITHIC TOOLSWERE CONCERNED SPECIFIC ECOLOGICAL CONDITION.THE CHANGE OF AXE SHAPE REVEALS INTERCOURSE BETWEEN HUMAN AND ENVIRONMENT IN PLEISTOCENE.