RESEARCH OF THE AXE ADZE IN PALEOLITHIC AGE

在旧石器时代，日本人使用多种类型的斧头和利器。旧石器时代的人类在石器工具上具有磨边技术是非常罕见的。在日本，从30000 bp开始，他们使用边缘研磨技术。磨边斧的形状因还原而改变。轴通过回收边缘损伤和削尖减少而变小。本文首先对日本旧石器时代进行了年代学研究。然后，我研究了轴形的变化。旧石器时代早期晚期斧头的形状为椭圆形。在旧石器时代中晚期，斧头的形状变成了长方形。这就是减少系统被改变的原因。我认为还原体系的变化是由环境条件和技术进步引起的。与采石场的距离、对石器资源的认识和石器工具的使用目的都与特定的生态条件有关。斧形的变化揭示了更新世人类与环境的交往。

IN PALEOLITHIC AGE,IN JAPAN THEY USED MANY TYPES OF AXE AND ADZE.IT WAS VERY RARE CASE THAT THE HUMAN IN PALEOLITHIC AGE HAD THE TECHNIQUE OF EDGE-GROUND ON LITHIC TOOLS.IN JAPAN,FROM 30,000BP THEY USED EDGE-GROUND TECHNIQUE.THE SHAPES OF EDGE-GROUND AXE CHANGED BY REDUCTION.AXES BECOME SMALLER BY RECYCLING EDGE DAMEGE AND RESHAPENING REDUCTION.IN THIS STUDY,FIRSTLY,I MADE THE CHRONOLOGY OF JANANESE PALEOLITHIC AGE.AND THEN,I STUDIED THE CHANGE OF AXE-SHAPES.THE SHAPE OF AXE WAS OVAL IN EARLY LATE PALEOLITHIC.IN MIDDLE LATE PALEOLITHIC,THE SHAPE OF AXE BECAME LONG-SQUARE.THAT IS THE REASON REDUCTION SYSTEM WAS CHANGED.I THINK THAT THE CHANGE OF REDUCTION SYSTEM WAS OCCUERD BY ENVIRONMENNTAL CONDITION AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS.THE DISTANCE FROM QUORRY,THE RARENESS OF LITHIC RESOURCE AND PURPOSE OF LITHIC TOOLSWERE CONCERNED SPECIFIC ECOLOGICAL CONDITION.THE CHANGE OF AXE SHAPE REVEALS INTERCOURSE BETWEEN HUMAN AND ENVIRONMENT IN PLEISTOCENE.