On Development of the Steel and Weapon Company, the Joint Verture of Japan and Britain : the Relation between the Business Strategy of the Japan Steel Works and the British Shareholders

本研究的目的是澄清日本钢铁工厂（以下简称JSW）的商业战略，钢铁和武器公司的合资企业由日本和英国二战前，特别是在关系到英国股东（威克斯和阿姆斯特朗公司）。研究结果清楚地表明，在第一次世界大战之前，英国股东对JSW最高管理层的承诺超出了我们的预期。在JSW成立期间（1907- 1910），每个英国董事或审计员都可以根据JSW成立时的“协议附录”提名任何人作为“代理”。代理人通常出席JSW的董事会会议，成为董事会某些委员会的成员，并向董事会提出重要建议。代理人经常通过电报、电报和信件与英国的董事和审计员联系。JSW的英国董事会议偶尔会在英国举行，协商结果会传递给日本的代理人。在“山内政权”的下一个时期，当海军中将山内益治担任JSW的董事会主席（1910- 1913）时，他被期望以“中立董事”的身份在日本股东（北海道煤矿轮船公司）和英国股东之间进行调解。然而，他无法成功地调整这些利益。虽然这一研究涵盖了第一次世界大战时期，但它几乎没有对英国董事从JSW的高层管理中撤退做出展望。一些有待解决的问题正在分析中。此外，与这项研究相关的一项研究已经在1994年进行，并于1995年发表为“二战后维克斯-阿姆斯特朗有限公司在日本的财产恢复”。

The purpose of this research is to clarify the business strategy of the Japan Steel Works (hereafter JSW), the steel and weapon company of the joint venture by Japan and Britain before WWII,especially in relation to the British Shareholders (Vickers and Armstrong Companies).The result of the research made clear that the commitment to the top-management of JSW by the British Shareholders before WWI was strong beyond our expectations.In the period of the foundation of the JSW (1907-10), each British Director or Auditor was able to nominate anyone as "Proxy" according to "Addendum to Agreement" at the establishment of JSW.Proxies usually attended the Board Meetings of JSW,became members of some committees of the Board, and made important proposals to the Board. Proxies often communicated with the Directors and Auditors in Britain by cable, telegram and letters. Meetings of the English Directors of JSW were occasionally held in Britain, and the results of the consultation were transmitted to Proxies in Japan.In the next period of "the Regime of Yamanouchi", when Vice Admiral Masuji Yamanouchi was the Chairman of the Board of JSW (1910-13), he was expected to mediate between Japanese shareholder (Hokkaido Colliery and Steamship Co.) and the British ones as "Neutral Director". He could not succeed, however, to adjust those interests.Although this research was to cover the period of WWI,it barely made an outlook for the retreat of the British Directors from the top-management of JSW.Some problems to be solved are being analyzed.Further, a study in relation to this research was already made in 1994, and published in 1995 as "The Restoration of Properties in Japan by Vickers-Armstrons Limited after WWII".