Effects of forest management on Japanese serow populations.

森林管理对日本鬣羚种群的影响。

• 批准号: 06660200
• 负责人: OCHIAI Keiji
• 金额: $ 1.34万
• 依托单位: Natural History Museum and Institute, chiba
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06660200/
• 关键词: Japanese serow; habitat management; poplation density; nutritive analysis; fecal nitrogen; feeding ecology; block count; 個体群動態; 採食植物

Relationships between population dynamics of Japanese serow (Capricornis crispus) and habitat conditions, especially clear-cutting and conifer plantations, were studied in Wakinosawa Village, Aomori Prefectre, northern Japan. Serow density (2-5 km<@D1-2@>D1) in mature forests increased 15 years after forest cutting, reaching 15-18 km<@D1-2@>D1, due to an improvement of food supply. A positive correlation between serow density and vegetation cover was noted for young conifer (Cryptomeria) plantations, young and midde-aged secondary forests of decidous trees. Direct observations of serow feeding behavior proved 114 feeding species of plants, and main foods of serows were leaves and twigs of broad-leaved deciduous trees and leaves of forbs. Little change of food habits through a 16 years under a highe serow density (16.7(]SY.+-。[)2.5km<@D1-2@>D1) showed a mild feeding pressure on vegetation. Dietary nitrogen contents (DNC) were 4.3%, 2.8% and 1.2% in Apr. -May, Nov. and Dec. -Feb. , respectively. Fecal nitrogen contents (FNC) were 4.0%, 2.9%, 1.8% and 1.4-1.5% in Apr. -May, Nov. , Dec. and Jan. -Feb. , respectively, and a positive correlation was found between the DNC and the FNC.Since the FNC of paired males and females were similar, the FNC may indicate quality of individual territory. Availabillty for serows in winter may be shown by a subtraction area at 1.5m high from basal area of shrubs. Accuracy of block count for serows was tested in an area (90 ha) inhabited by a known number of serows on the basis of individal identification and home range distributions. As the reslt, the actual number of serows inhabiting the area was accrately counted only for a unit size of 5 ha in winter, and the number was understimated under other conditions.

在日本北方青森县胁之泽村研究了日本长鬃羚（Capricornis crispus）种群动态与生境条件，特别是皆伐林和针叶林的关系。成熟林中2-5 km<@D1-2@> D_1的细鳞密度在森林采伐后15年增加，达到15-18 km<@D1-2@> D_1，这是由于食物供应的改善。幼针叶林（柳杉）人工林，落叶树的年轻和中年龄的次生林的间伐密度和植被覆盖度之间的正相关关系。通过对长颈长尾雉取食行为的直接观察，共发现取食植物114种，长颈长尾雉的主要食物是落叶阔叶树的枝叶和杂类植物的叶片。在高密度（16.7 ± 0.001）条件下生活16年，食性变化不大。（2.5km<@D1-2@>D1）对植被的摄食压力较小。日粮氮含量（DNC）在4 ~ 5月、11月和12 ~ 2月分别为4.3%、2.8%和1.2%。粪氮含量在4 ~ 5月、11月、12月和1 ~ 2月分别为4.0%、2.9%、1.8%和1.4-1.5%，粪氮含量与粪氮含量呈正相关，由于雌雄配对的粪氮含量相似，粪氮含量可反映个体领地的质量。在灌木断面积的1.5m高度处，可以用一个减法面积来表示冬季长鬃羚的活动能力。根据个体识别和家域分布，在一个已知数量的serows居住的地区（90公顷）测试了serows块计数的准确性。结果表明，冬季仅以5公顷为单位，准确地计算了栖息在该地区的斑羚的实际数量，而在其他条件下，这一数量被低估。

项目成果

Keiji Ochiai: "Dynamics of social and poplation density of Japanese serow (in Japanese)" Gendai seitaigaku to sono syuuhen (Modern ecology and related matters). 174-180 (1995)

Keiji Ochiai：“日本羚羊的社会和人口密度动态（日语）”Gendai seitaigaku to sono syuuhen（现代生态学及相关问题）。

落合啓二: "カモシカ生息頭数既知の場所における区画法の精度検討" 哺乳類科学. 36(2). (印刷中) (1997)

Keiji Ochiai：“在已知羚羊数量的地区检查分区方法的准确性”《哺乳动物科学》36(2)（出版中）。

Keiji Ochiai: "Effects of forest management on Japanese serow poplations-in relation to habitat conservation for serows (in Japanese)" Honyurui Kagaku (Mammalian Science). 36 (1). 79-87 (1996)

Keiji Ochiai：“森林管理对日本羚羊种群的影响——与羚羊栖息地保护有关（日语）”Honyurui Kagaku（哺乳动物科学）。

落合啓二: "森林施業がカモシカに与える影響-ハビタットの保全によせて-" 哺乳類科学. 36・1. 79-87 (1996)

Keiji Ochiai：“林业活动对羚羊的影响 - 对于栖息地保护 -”《哺乳动物科学》36・1（1996）。

Keiji Ochiai: "Tests of block count accuracy in an area inhabited by a known number of Japanese serows (in Japanese)" Honyurui Kagaku (Mammalian Science). 36 (2). (1997)

Keiji Ochiai：“在已知数量的日本羚羊居住的地区测试块计数准确性（日语）”Honyurui Kagaku（哺乳动物科学）。