Effects of forest management on Japanese serow populations.

在日本北部青森县的Wakinosawa村，研究了日本斑羚种群动态与栖息地条件，特别是采伐和针叶林的关系。由于食物供应的改善，森林采伐后15年，成熟森林的蚕丝密度(2-5千米)增加，达到15-18千米。针叶树幼林、落叶乔木幼龄次生林和中龄次生林的林分密度与植被盖度呈正相关。通过对家蚕取食行为的直接观察，共发现114种取食植物，主要食性为阔叶落叶乔木树叶、树枝和杂草树叶。在高密度(16.7(]SY.+-)的16年中，食物习惯几乎没有改变。[)2.5 km；d1-2@&gt；d1)对植被的摄食压力较小。饲料氮含量(DNC)在4-5月、11-11月和12-2月分别为4.3%、2.8%和1.2%。，分别为。4-5月、11月、12月和1-2月粪氮含量分别为4.0%、2.9%、1.8%和1.4%~1.5%。DNC与FNC之间呈正相关。由于配对的雌雄成对的FNC相似，FNC可能反映了个体领地的质量。从灌木断面积上减去1.5m高的面积，可反映冬季对母羊的利用能力。在已知数量的家禽居住的区域(90公顷)，根据个体识别和家庭范围分布，对家禽的区块计数的准确性进行了测试。结果表明，冬季仅按单位面积5公顷计算该地区的实际栖息家禽数量，在其他情况下，该数量被低估。

Relationships between population dynamics of Japanese serow (Capricornis crispus) and habitat conditions, especially clear-cutting and conifer plantations, were studied in Wakinosawa Village, Aomori Prefectre, northern Japan. Serow density (2-5 km<@D1-2@>D1) in mature forests increased 15 years after forest cutting, reaching 15-18 km<@D1-2@>D1, due to an improvement of food supply. A positive correlation between serow density and vegetation cover was noted for young conifer (Cryptomeria) plantations, young and midde-aged secondary forests of decidous trees. Direct observations of serow feeding behavior proved 114 feeding species of plants, and main foods of serows were leaves and twigs of broad-leaved deciduous trees and leaves of forbs. Little change of food habits through a 16 years under a highe serow density (16.7(]SY.+-。[)2.5km<@D1-2@>D1) showed a mild feeding pressure on vegetation. Dietary nitrogen contents (DNC) were 4.3%, 2.8% and 1.2% in Apr. -May, Nov. and Dec. -Feb. , respectively. Fecal nitrogen contents (FNC) were 4.0%, 2.9%, 1.8% and 1.4-1.5% in Apr. -May, Nov. , Dec. and Jan. -Feb. , respectively, and a positive correlation was found between the DNC and the FNC.Since the FNC of paired males and females were similar, the FNC may indicate quality of individual territory. Availabillty for serows in winter may be shown by a subtraction area at 1.5m high from basal area of shrubs. Accuracy of block count for serows was tested in an area (90 ha) inhabited by a known number of serows on the basis of individal identification and home range distributions. As the reslt, the actual number of serows inhabiting the area was accrately counted only for a unit size of 5 ha in winter, and the number was understimated under other conditions.