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A Study on the Economic Effects of Agricultural Commodities Importation on Japanese Industry Structure.

农产品进口对日本产业结构的经济影响研究。

基本信息

批准号：
06660275
负责人：
SAITO Katsuhiro
金额：
$ 1.22万
依托单位：
Chiba University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06660275/
关键词：
Import policy for agricultural commodities Structural adjustment for industries GATT Agreements on Agriculture Rice industry Livestock industry Applied General Equilibrium Analysis Production Possibility Frontier 輸入中間財農産物輸入輸入中間財(食品加工原料

项目摘要

The principal aim of this study is to evaluate econimic effects of agricultural commodities importation on the Japanese Industry Structure under the new trade scheme, i.e.GATT Agreements on Agriculture. In order to tackle this purpose, an applied general equilibrium model of Japan is developed, which includes land as a specific factor in agriculture and that agricultural sectors are subdivided into more fine sectors than the non agricultural sector.Several simulations are conducted. Firstly, effects of the minimum access of rice import is considered. In this case, two kinds of minimum access are compared : one is based on brown rice and the other on milled rice. The result shows that the agricultural land rent declines 2.9 - 2.5% for minimum access of 4%, 5.7 - 5.0% for minimum access of 8%, respectively. The ratio is higher in the case of brown rice basis, and that minimum access based on brown rice is desirable from a view point of welfare aspect. Secondly, livestock and dairy industries are considered. The results are as follows ; The output levels of manufacture are and service sectors increase via the reallocation of primary factors. While the labor productivity in all sectors increases, the capital productivity in non cultivate sectors decrease. The employment on livestock industry decline about 6%. Thirdly, total effects are examined. Results are as follows ; The economic effect of the agreements is not so small on the agricultural and its related sectors. The effect of the decrease in agricultural production is influential to the level of the domestic production sectors other than agricultural sectors primarily via factor movements from agricultural sectors. The welfare is better off, but the increment per capita is not so large. The rent of land decrease both in nominal and real terms due to the minimum access of rice import.

本研究的主要目的是评估在新的贸易制度下，即GATT农业协定下，农产品进口对日本产业结构的经济影响。为了解决这一问题，本文建立了一个日本的应用一般均衡模型，该模型将土地作为农业的一个特殊因素，将农业部门细分为比非农业部门更精细的部门，并进行了多次模拟。首先，考虑了大米进口最低准入的影响。在这种情况下，比较了两种最低限度获取：一种是基于糙米，另一种是基于精米。结果表明，当最低收益率为4%和8%时，农地租金分别下降2.9 - 2.5%和5.7 - 5.0%。以糙米为基础的比例较高，从福利角度来看，以糙米为基础的最低限度的获取是可取的。其次，考虑畜牧业和乳制品行业。研究结果表明：制造业和服务业的产出水平是通过要素的重新配置而提高的。在所有部门劳动生产率提高的同时，非农业部门的资本生产率却在下降。畜牧业就业人数下降约6%。第三，研究总体效果。研究结果表明：协议对农业及其相关部门的经济影响并不小。农业生产下降的影响主要通过农业部门的要素流动对农业部门以外的国内生产部门的水平产生影响。福利待遇提高了，但人均增量不大。由于大米进口的最低限度，土地租金的名义和真实的价值都下降了。