Molecular Genetics in Paragonimus westermani Complex in Asia

本研究旨在通过对亚洲卫氏并殖吸虫复合体的生物学、遗传变异和物种形成的研究，推断（1）日本卫氏并殖吸虫三倍体的起源和（2）Curbert于1878年描述的卫氏并殖吸虫是什么。1995年在辽宁省采集达乌尔螯虾（Cambaroides dauricus）3,000余尾，分离出并殖吸虫囊蚴3,000余只。根据囊蚴形态以及从实验感染犬和猫中获得的成虫形态，将其鉴定为卫氏并殖吸虫。经鉴定，该吸虫为二倍体、三倍体和四倍体类型。中国三倍体吸虫与日本三倍体吸虫的寄主特异性和电泳图谱基本一致。在二倍体吸虫中，中国群体的电泳图谱呈多态性，而日本群体为单态。发现了日本三倍体特有的等位基因，具有较高的遗传多样性， ...更多信息 在中国二倍体群体中，因此，从基因渐渗的角度来看，东北地区的某个二倍体群体可能与日本三倍体的祖先有一定的亲缘关系。1995年从印度东北部曼尼普尔采集的239只淡水蟹中分离出97只并殖吸虫囊蚴。初步将其分为4类：卫氏型、曼谷型、异盘型和脱囊型。它们被接种到狗、猫和一只小山羊身上。从实验感染卫氏肺吸虫囊蚴的犬中获得的成虫形态与Vevers（1923）对卫氏肺吸虫的描述一致，但与Curbert（1878）的描述不一致。1996年从泰国南部采集的300只淡水蟹中分离出约300个并殖吸虫囊蚴。将其分为两组，分别接种于犬、猫和白化病鼠。少

The present studies are to deduce (1) the origin of the triploids of Paragonimus westermani of Japan and (2) what P.westermani is which was described by Curbert in 1878, in the course of the studies on the biology, genetic variation and speciation inP.westermani Complex in Asia. More than 3,000 Paragonimus metacercariae were isolated from about 3,000 crayfishes, Cambaroides dauricus collected in Liaoning Province of north-eastern China in 1995. They were identified as P.westermani based on metacercarial morphology as well as that of the adults obtained from the experimentally infected dogs and cats. The flukes were proved to be diploid, triploid and tetraploid types. The triploid fluke from China was almost the same as Japanese one not only in host-specificity but also in electrophoretic patterns. In the diploid fluke, Chinese populations were polymorphic in electrophoretic patterns, while Japanese ones were monomorphic. The specific alleles of Japanese triploid were found, with high f … More requency, in the diploid populations in China. Therefore, a certain diploid population of this fluke in north-eastern China seems to be related to the ancestor of Japanese triploid in terms of the gene introgression. Ninety-seven Paragonimus metacercariae were isolated from 239 freshwater crabs, Potamiscus manipurensis collected in Manipur, north-eastern India in 1995. They were provisionally classified into 4 groups : westermani, bangkokensis, heterotremus and excysted types. They were inoculated into dogs, cats and a fellet. The morphology of the adults obtained from experimentally infected dogs with westermani type metacercariae was in good agreement with the description of P.westermani by Vevers (1923), but not Curbert (1878). About 300 Paragonimus metacercariae were isolated from 300 freshwater crabs, Phricotelphusa aedes collected in southern Theiland in 1996. They were classified into 2 groups and inoculated into dogs, cats and albino rats.Further studies on these flukes are now in progress. Less