Tailoring of Graphite Films-Control of Structure and Functions-

石墨结构的发展（石墨化）证实了一些聚酰亚胺薄膜在满足以下三个条件的情况下可以得到高结晶的石墨薄膜；聚酰亚胺分子平整度高，取向度高，热处理（碳化和石墨化）过程中取向干扰小。结果表明，在2200℃的温度下，六方碳层中的碳原子被氮取代后，碳膜中仍有氮存在，氮的存在影响了碳膜中石墨结构的发展和碳膜的磁特性。比较了炭化过程中加热速率对不同前驱体的影响。为了改善聚酰亚胺分子的取向，进行了薄膜冷拔和分子酯化的试验。研究发现，在亚胺化过程中，单轴冷拔可以改善聚酰亚胺薄膜的分子结构，但同时也引入了轴向取向方案，从而干扰了薄膜的石墨化。酯化反应可以有效地改善聚酰亚胺薄膜中的分子取向，并通过高温热处理提高薄膜的石墨化性能。详细研究了聚酰亚胺分子酯化反应的基本化学过程和氨基-亚胺共聚物的合成。采用x射线衍射、光学显微镜、透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、电子通道对比、电磁性能和磁性能测试等方法，对聚酰亚胺制备的石墨薄膜的质量进行了评价，并与铁水、碳纳米管和焦炭中析出的石墨进行了比较。加入MoC15后，聚酰亚胺石墨薄膜的电磁学性能得到了显著改善，并与含铁石墨和碳纳米管氟化和锂化的实验结果进行了比较。少

The development of graphite structure (Graphitization)Highly crystallized graphite films were confirmed to be obtained from some polyimide films by satisfying the following three conditions ; flatness of polyimide molecules, high degree of orientation of thses molecules and less disturbance in orientation during the heat treatment (carbonization and graphitization) . It was found that nitrogen remained in the resultant carbon films by substituting carbon atoms in hexagonal carbon layrs up to the heat treatment of 2200 ﾟC and its presence affects on the development of graphite structure and galvanomagnetic properties in the carbon films. The effect of heating rate during carbonization was compared on various precursors.Imprevement of molecular orientation and graphitizabilityIn order to improve the orientation of plyimide molecules, cold-drawing of films and esterification of molecules were tried.Uniaxial cold-drawing of the film during imidization was found to improve the molecular ori … More entation in polyimide films, but at the same time axial orientation scheme was found to be introduced, and, as a consequence, graphitization in the films was perturbed.The esterification was effective to improve the molecular orientation in polyimde films and also the graphitizability of the films by the heat treatment at high temperatures. Fundamental chemistry on the esterification of plyimide molecules and the synthesis of urathane-imide copolymers was studied in detail.Function development of graphite filmsThe quality of the graphite films obtained from polyimides were evaluated by different techniques, X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, transimission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, electron channeling contrast and measurements of galvanomagnetic and magnetic properties and compared with kish graphite precipitated from molten iron, carbon nanotube and cokes.Galvanomagnetic properties of graphite filmjs obtained from polyimides were markedly improved by the intercalation of MoC15 and the experimental results were compared with those on the incorporation of iron into kish graphite and on the fluorination and lithiation of carbon nanotube. Less