Development of Secondary Batteries by suing Graphite Intercalation Compounds

利用石墨层间化合物开发二次电池

• 批准号: 01850178
• 负责人: INAGAKI Michio
• 金额: $ 3.9万
• 依托单位: Hokkaido University (1990)Toyohashi University of Technology (1989)
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research (B).
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1989 至 1990
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01850178/
• 关键词: Graphite Intercalation Compounds; Secondary Battery; Intercalation; Acceptor-type; Donor-type; Electrochemistry

The purpose of the present research project is to understand the basic electrochemical reactions on graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) which have high activity by keeping electrochemicall active materials in the gallery of graphite structure and also have high electrical conductivity.1. Development of secondary batteries with acceptor-type GICs.Ternary Ni (OH) _2-Fe (OH) _3 and Ni (OH) _2-Cu (OH) _2-GICs were prepared from corresponding metal chlorides-GICs by electrolysis in KOH aqueous solution. A secondary battery by using Ni (OH) _2-GICs as cathode showed excellent performance of charging and discharging processes. The activation energy for the discharging process in these ternary GICs was determined to be about 2 kcal/mol, which was roughly half of that in a conventional electrode of a mixture of Ni (OH) _2 and graphite powders. This low value of activation energy was supposed to make the discharge with large current density possible.The formation of bromine-GICs was found by … More anodic oxidation of host graphite in KBr aqueous solution. On the process of reduction, two potential plateaux were observed, which seemed to correspond to stage transformation processes during de-intercalation. This suggests a new possibility to develop a secondary battery with simple construction.2. Fundamental studies on the development of secondary batteries with donor-type GICs.Electrochemical intercalation and de-intercalation of alkali metal ions (Li^+, Na^+, K^+ and Rb^+) were studied by cyclic voltammetry. Well-defined intercalation and de-intercalation processes were detected and the stage-2 GICs with respective alkali metal ions were obtained by electrochemical intercalation. From the changes of electrode potential with time, K-GIC was suggested to have low degree of self discharging.Potassium-GICs could absorb large amount of gases, such as hydrogen, ammonia, tetrahydrofuran, benzene, etc. The changes of electrical conductivity, magnetoresistance and Hall coefficient of the K-GICs with the absorption of these gases were studied in-situ. A back-donnation of conduction electrons from graphite to intercalate layers were observed by the absorption of ammonia. Less

本研究的目的是了解石墨层间化合物（GICs）上的基本电化学反应，这些化合物通过将电化学活性材料保持在石墨结构的通道中而具有高活性，并且具有高导电性.以金属氯化物GICs为原料，在KOH水溶液中电解制备了Ni（OH）_2-Fe（OH）_3和Ni（OH）_2-Cu（OH）_2-GICs。以Ni（OH）_2-GICs为正极的二次电池表现出良好的充放电性能。三元GIC的放电活化能约为2kcal/mol，约为传统Ni（OH）_2-石墨混合电极的一半。这一低活化能值被认为使得大电流密度放电成为可能。 ...更多信息 在KBr水溶液中对基体石墨进行阳极氧化。在还原过程中，观察到两个电位平台，这似乎对应于脱嵌过程中的阶段转变过程。这提出了开发具有简单构造的二次电池的新可能性。利用循环伏安法研究了碱金属离子（Li^+、Na^+、K^+和Rb^+）的电化学嵌脱过程。明确的嵌入和脱嵌过程进行检测和阶段2 GIC与各自的碱金属离子通过电化学插层获得。从电极电位随时间的变化来看，K-GIC的自放电程度较低，K-GIC能吸附大量的气体，如氢气、氨气、四氢呋喃、苯等。通过氨的吸收，观察到了石墨层间的传导电子的反馈。少

项目成果

高橋 洋一: "黒鉛層間化合物ー黒鉛層間化合物の合成" リアライズ社, (1990)

高桥洋一：“石墨插层化合物-石墨插层化合物的合成”实现，（1990）

N.Iwashita: "Potential Survey of Intercalation of Sulfuric Acid into Graphite by Chemical Oxidation" Synthetic Metals. 34. 139-144 (1989)

N.Iwashita：“通过化学氧化将硫酸嵌入石墨的潜力调查”合成金属。

M.INAGAKI: "Applications of graphite intercalation compounds" J.Mat.Res.4. 1560-1568 (1989)

M.INAGAKI：“石墨插层化合物的应用”J.Mat.Res.4。

N.Iwashita: "Discharge Performance on the Electrode of Ternary Intercalation Compounds of Graphite with Metal Hydroxides" Electrochimie Acta. ). 02%33

N.Iwashita：“石墨与金属氢氧化物三元插层化合物电极上的放电性能”《电化学学报》。

N. Iwashita and M. Inagaki: "Potential Survey of Intercalation of Sulfuric Acid into Graphite by Chemical Oxidation" Synthetic Metals. 34. 139-144 (1989)

N. Iwashita 和 M. Inagaki：“通过化学氧化将硫酸嵌入石墨的潜力调查”合成金属。