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Study of Ultra-rapid Synthesis of Hydrogen from Methane by the Control of Non-linear Catalytic Reactions

非线性催化反应控制甲烷超快速合成氢气的研究

基本信息

批准号：
07405037
负责人：
INUI Tomoyuki
金额：
$ 20.86万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Synthesis of high quality liquid fuels from alternative carbon-containing 1ower valued resources is strongly expected recently. Especia11y, conversion of light, clean, and easily handled resources such as natura1 gas, associated gas, gaseous hydrocarbons produced during the course of petro1eum refinery, and even carbon dioxide into more valuable compounds are now regarded as the relief technology before the ultimate deve1opment of coal conversion technologies. The major conventional production method of H_2 is the steam reforming of saturated hydrocarbons, in particular natural gas or methane on the stabilized Ni catalyst supported on the ceramic carrier having a very low surface area, and the reaction is operated at a high temperature around 900ﾟC.In this study, the deve1opment in highly active catalysts for the reforming of methane with H_20, CO_2 and partial oxidation of methane was conducted to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide with very high reaction rates. An Ni-based four-components catalysts, Ni-Ce_2O_3-Pt-Rh, supported on aluminawash coated ceramic fibers in a plate shape was suitable for the objective reaction. By combining the catalytic combustion of ethane or propane, methane conversion was markedly enhanced, and a high space-time yield of syngas, 25,000mol/l・h was obtained at a catalyst temperature of 700ﾟC or furnace temperature of 500ﾟC.The extraordinary high flow rate conditions as a contact time of 3 m-sec by using a monolithic shape of catalyst bed without back Pressure. Under the reaction conditions of partia1 oxidation reforming and steam reforming with the excess partial pressure, the deactivation of the catalyst was not observed.

从低价值的含碳替代资源中合成高质量的液体燃料是最近非常有希望的事情。特别是将轻、清洁、易处理的资源，如天然气、伴生气、炼油过程中产生的气态碳氢化合物，甚至二氧化碳转化为更有价值的化合物，现在被认为是煤炭转化技术最终发展之前的缓解技术。传统的制氢方法主要是饱和碳氢化合物，特别是天然气或甲烷在陶瓷载体上负载的稳定镍催化剂上水蒸气重整制氢，反应在900ﾟC左右高温下进行。以铝灰包覆陶瓷纤维为载体的镍基四组分催化剂Ni-Ce_2O_3-Pt-Rh适合于目标反应。在催化剂温度为700ﾟC或炉膛温度为500ﾟC的条件下，采用无背压的整体式催化剂床层，在接触时间为3m-s的超高流量条件下，甲烷转化率显著提高，在催化剂温度为700mol/L·h的条件下，合成气的时空产率可达25000mol/g.h。在超压部分氧化重整和水蒸气重整的反应条件下，没有观察到催化剂失活。