Cloning and application of the genes regulating fecundity in mammals

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(1) The c-kit cDNA of Shiba goats with the DBW phenotype was cloned and sequenced. A single amino acid (alanine residue) insertion was presented in the KI region irrespective of coat color in goats. The Robson's prediction of the secondary structure predicted the alanine insertion might convert the DKR turn to a-helix. (2). SCF cDNAs were cloned by screening a cDNA library constructed from cerebellar mRNA of a 15-week-old female Shiba goat, RT-PCR methods were also used to obtain SCF cDNA from cerebellar mRNA.One of the isoforms, gSCF825, corresponds to KL-1 isoform in other species. It has 822bp codingregion and would encode peptide of 274 amino acid residues in length. Two isoforms, gSCF825 and gSCF741, are expressed in both fetal and adult skin. The alanine insertion in the KI region of caprine c-kit is highly specific to goats and sheep, fiveisoforms of SCF cDNA including2 novel isoforms were isolated, and in the skin of Shiba goats, two isoforms i.e., gSCF825 and gSCF741 were expressed. (3) The 4.9 kb caprine SRY DNA and its base sequence from the promotor region to the 3' non-translated region were determined. The promoter region of caprine SRY contained various motifs of potential biological significance including, TATA box, CAAT box, stem loop, direct reoeats and the binding motifs for HMG-box family proteins and SP-1. The hydrophathyplots of HMG domains of goat, human, cattle and mouse exhibited almost the identical patterns. The hydropathy plots of the entire length of SRY proteins of the 4 species demonstrated clearly that the murine Sry protein is completely different from those of other species.