CFD study on Computational Thermal Manikin

在本研究中，我们发展了一种新的热舒适性评价模型“计算热人体模型”。今年我们做了以下工作：(1)利用实验热人体模型测量了人体周围的温度和流场，采用低Re数K-epsilon模型进行了测量。为了评价数值计算的精度，在一个实验的暖体假人上进行了温度和速度边界层的测量。从而掌握人体周围的对流换热特性。(2)计算热仿人的对流与辐射耦合模拟为弄清人体与周围环境之间的显热传递特性，进行了对流与辐射耦合模拟。针对人体形状复杂的特点，采用蒙特卡罗方法计算了人体的视觉因子。采用了格哈特吸收系数。空气流动的模拟是基于低Re数k-epsilon模型。(3)包括呼吸和潜热传递的模拟。在处理人体皮肤表面的汗液时，也使用湿润的概念来考虑水分转移。因此，通过使用这些耦合的模拟可以确定人体与环境之间的总热传递。

In this research, we developed a new model of evaluating the thermal comfort "Computational Thermal Manikin" by CFD.This year the follows have been conducted.(1) Measurement by using an experimental thermal manikinTemperature and flow fields around a human body have been conducted by using a Low-Re Number K-epsilon model. To evaluate the precision of the numerical calculation, measurement of the temperature and velocity boundary layr is being done on an experimental thermal manikin. Thus, the convective heat transfer characteristics around the human body will be mastered.(2) Coupled Convection and Radiation Simulation of the Computational thermal manikinTo clarify the sensible heat transfer characteristics between the human body and his environment,coupled convective and radiant simulation is being conducted. From the complicated shape of the human body, the view factor is calculated by Monte Method. Gebhart absorption coefficient is used. The air flow simulation is based on Low-Re Number k-epsilon model.(3) Inclusion the breathing and modelling of the latent heat transferThe breathing must be including in the air simulation. Moisture transfer is also considered by using the concept of wettednes on treatment of the sweat on the skin surface of the human body. Thus the total heat transfer between the human body and the environment can be decided by using these coupled simulations.