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Development of a Seawater Desalination System by Reverse Osmosis Utilizing the Static Pressure due to the Depth of the Sea

利用海洋深度静压开发反渗透海水淡化系统

基本信息

批准号：
07555239
负责人：
MIYATAKE Osamu
金额：
$ 4.93万
依托单位：
KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

For the development of a seawater RO desalination system utilizing the high static pressure of the deep-sea, an experimental study on the desalination of seawater was actually performed in the East China Sea at 300-600m below the surface of the sea, using a desalination device in which a tube type membrane with a cylindrical rod put into the central axis of the membrane tube was installed as reverse osmosis membrane.It has been proved that fresh water can be obtained easily from seawater by this system without the use of electrical power.Also a numerical analysis was performed to determine the axial variation of velocity, concentration and pressure in laminar natural convection flow, caused by concentration difference in the moderately narrow annular passage formed between the tube type membrane and the cylindrical rod. A dimensionless equation was formulated from the numerical results to predict the transmitted fresh water flow rate from the width and the length of the passage, the submerged depth of device, the permeability of membrane and physical properties of seawater. The transmitted fresh water flow rate exhibited an increase with decreasing width of passage, reached a maximum at the width of about 1-2 mn, followed by a rapid decrease, and thus the existence of the optimum width of passage was realized.The experimental data showed good agreement with those calculated from the dimensionless equation and the essential information for optimizing the design of a desalination device were presented.

为了开发利用深海高静压的反渗透海水淡化系统，在东海300- 600 m深度进行了海水淡化的实验研究，本发明提供一种反渗透膜的制造方法，该反渗透膜使用在膜管的中心轴上安装有圆筒棒的管式膜的脱盐装置，通过数值计算，分析了在层流自然对流中，由于管式膜与圆柱杆之间形成的环形通道内存在浓度差，引起的速度、浓度和压力沿轴向的变化规律。根据计算结果建立了无因次方程，从通道的宽度和长度、装置的浸没深度、膜的渗透性和海水的物理性质等方面预测了输送淡水的流量。实验结果表明，随着通道宽度的减小，淡水输送量逐渐增大，在1- 2nm处达到最大值，然后迅速减小，从而证明了最佳通道宽度的存在，实验数据与无因次方程的计算结果吻合较好，为海水淡化装置的优化设计提供了必要的信息。