The Study of Kansas Populism

本研究以19世纪末民粹主义温床、堪萨斯州中部东部边缘的马里恩县为研究对象，试图探讨三点：第一，佃农或农场工人等无财产者与民粹主义的关系；第二，门诺派等新移民群体对民粹主义运动的反应；第三，中西部城乡关系背景下民粹主义运动的性质。根据我在那里的研究收集的原始资料，我初步得出以下结论。首先，租户农民对民粹主义运动的热情相对较低，因为对民粹主义者来说，这场运动被证明是糟糕的。租户农民大多是所谓的Scully-Land制度下的租户，除了少数同时拥有农民的租户。其次，大多数门诺派不仅不同情民粹主义者，而且在爱德华·W·霍克等共和党政客的影响下，他们坚持共和党。最后，在马里恩城这样的小镇上，出现了弗兰克·道斯特或里德尔兄弟(泰勒和利昂)这样的“小镇民粹主义者”。18世纪80年代末的S，他们沉迷于房地产投机。1887年房地产热潮破裂后，他们挣扎着逃离无法承受的沉重的抵押贷款负担。作为一种出路，他们转向了民粹主义，这一故事在利昂·H·里德尔的日记中讲述了，我在这项研究的印刷报告中展示了他的日记。

In this study, placing a focus as a case-study on Marion County, located on the eastern edge of central Kansas which was the hotbed of Populism in the late nineteenth century, I have tried to investigate three points ; first, the relationship between propertyless people like tenant farmers or farm laborers and Populism ; second, the response of the newly arrived immigrants groups like Mennonites to the Populist movement ; third, the nature of the Populist movement in the context of rural-urban relationship in the Mid-west.Depending upon the analysis of original sources collected through my research there, I have reached the following conclusions tentatively. First, tenant farmers, most of them under the so-called Scully-Land System, excepting a few who were renters as well as owning farmers simultaneously, were comparatively less enthusiastic about the Populist movement as they turned out poorly for Populists. Second, most of the Mennonites were not only unsympathetic for Populists, also they adhered to Republican Party through the influence of some Republican politicians like Edward W.Hoch. Finally, in small towns like Marion City, there appeared "small town Populists" like Frank Doster or Riddle brothers (Tylor and Leon). They indulged too much in the speculation in real estate in the late 1880's. After the collapse of the boom in 1887, they struggled to escape from the unbearable heavy burden of mortgage. As one way out of it, they turned to Populism, which story was told in Leon H.Riddle's diary I showed in the printed report of this research.