On the Mental Lexicon : At the Linguistic/Psycholinguistic Interface.

关于心理词典：在语言学/心理语言学的界面。

基本信息

批准号：
07610458
负责人：
ITO Takane
金额：
$ 0.9万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The aim of this project has been to investigate the mental/neurological mechanism involved in morphological processes, taking into consideration the results reported in psycholinguistic/neurolinguistic studies.Specifically, we examined in a joint research whether the "dual mechanism model", proposed by S.Pinker and his colleagues for inflectional morphology, is appropriate for derivational morphology. The model argues for qualitative diferences between rule-governed regular processes and associative memory/analogy-based irregular processes. We conducted two experiments, one on normal adults and the other on brain-damaged patients, where we examined differences between two Japanese nominal suffixes -sa and -mi. The result of the first experiment shows that -sa and -mi behave differently with respect to applicability to novel words and that -mi, but not -sa, exhibits the "similarity effect", demonstrating that both rule and analogy are operative in derivational morphology. Furthermore, p … More atients with a lesion in Broca's area preferred -mi over -sa on novel words while patients with a lesion in other areas exhibited a different preference pattern, which suggests that the two mental mechanisms (rule and analogy) are supported by different neurological mechanisms.These findings have significant implications both for theoretical morphology and neurolinguistics : they provide a new perspective to the theory of morphology in showing that the rule/analogy distinction crosscuts the inflection/derivation distinction, and to the study of language and brain in demonstrating that Broca's area, which is believed to be involved in "syntactic" processes, is in fact responsible for "computational" processes whether they involve phrasal/sentential-level units or morphological/word-level units. Thus our study illustrates how researches in the two fields can benefit from each other.Our study has so far not given enough considerastions on how existing words with -sal/-mi are processed, and we will continue working on this with a new series of experiments. Less

该项目的目的是研究形态学过程中涉及的心理/神经系统机制，考虑到心理语言/神经语言学研究中报道的结果。特别是，我们在联合研究中检查了“双重机制”，这是S.Pinker及其同事是否对受影响的形态学的同事提出的，适用于有效的形态学。模型论证规则管理的常规过程与基于关联的记忆/基于类比的不规则过程之间存在定性差异。我们进行了两个实验，一个实验，一个对正常成年人，另一个对脑部受损的患者进行了检查，在那里我们检查了两个日本名义后缀-SA和-MI之间的差异。第一个实验的结果表明，-sa和-mi在适用于新单词的适用性方面的行为不同，而-MI（但不是-sa）表现出“相似性效应”，表明规则和类比在派生形态上都起作用。此外，P…在Broca区域中有病变的更多受试者优先-MI而不是新单词的-SA，而在其他领域的病变患者则暴露了不同的偏好模式，这表明两种心理机制（规则和类比）由不同的神经学机制支持。这些发现对理论形态和神经语言学具有重要意义：它们为形态学理论提供了新的观点，表明规则/类比区别交叉横切了变化/派生的区别，以及对语言和大脑的研究，以及在证明Broca领域中涉及“构成”的过程，该过程是否涉及“构成”的过程。短语/句子级单元或形态/单词级单元。我们的研究说明了这两个领域的研究如何彼此受益。到目前为止，我们的研究对如何处理-Al/-MI的现有单词如何处理，我们将继续进行一系列新的实验。较少的