CROSS-COUNTRY COMPARISON STUDY ON THE ACTUALITIES OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND THE TRAINING COURSE OF PROFESSIONAL MANAGER

在本次研究期间，我们将考察英国职业经理人的培训课程，这也是本次研究的主要主题之一。我们将英国管理研究的历史发展分为三个阶段，并对其进行了考察。i) 19世纪中叶至第一次世界大战期间ii)第一次世界大战结束至20世纪60年代。iii)从1970年代至今。在历史发展中，我们应当指出以下几点。1)在考察英国管理研究文献时，除了19世纪末的科学管理研究外，直到20世纪初，我们才发现英国有关于企业管理的文献。2) 19世纪中期的英国企业家坚持经验主义，没有接受科学教育。他们打算通过家长式的措施来调和工人和廉价的劳动力成本，从而提高生产率。(3)发展家长式福利活动的贵格会雇主通过自己的管理活动和工作，在很大程度上对英国企业管理思想做出了贡献。4)即使进入20世纪，“所有者人民的资本主义”在英国仍然被牢牢地保留下来。换句话说，英国固有的精英教育传统阻碍了职业经理人的培养过程。5)第一次世界大战的爆发迫使英国工业的管理理念和实践进行了彻底的改革。6)特别是自第二次世界大战以来，服务、社会责任、领导、人际关系、拒绝利润动机等概念在英国得到了广泛的接受。

In this research duration, we were going to view the training course of British professional manager which was one of major theme of this research. We divided historical development of British management studies into next three periods and cosidered them.i)Period from the middle of 19th century to World War I.ii)Period from the end of World War I to 1960's.iii)Period from 1970's to present.Some points which we should specify in the historical development were as follows.1)When we investigated the literature of British management study, except scientific management study of the late 19th century, we were not able to find the literature on business administration in Great Britain until the begining of the 20th century.2)The British enterprisers of the middle of the 19th centry persisted in empiricism, and did not get science education. They were going to let productivity improve by paternalistic measures to conciliate workers and cheap labor cost.3)The Quaker employers who developed paternalistic welfare activities contributed to British business managment thought though own management activities and works to a great extent.4)'Owner people's capitalism'was still left firmly, even if entered the 20th century in Great Britain. In other words, convention of Great Britain's inherent elite education obstructed the training course of professional manager.5)The management concepts and the practices of Great Britain industry were pressed for thorough reform by an outbreak of World War I.6)In particular, since World War II,concepts such as serviece, social responsibility, leadership, human relation and denial of profit motive were accepted broadly in Great Britain.