Development of System for Systematic State Analysis of Airborne Particulate Matter

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In recent years, the pollution of airborne particulate matter is little improved in Japan and some advanced nations and become more serious in some developing nations. Its analysis is very important for preservation of atmospheric environment. Although airborne particulate matter is a very complex multi-component mixture, usually its mass concentration only or sometimes elemental composition has been measured. It is desirable to develop a systematic analytical method by which many important informations can be efficiently obtained from the same sample.In this study, a systematic method combining water and dilute-acid extraction with ICP-atomic emission spectrometry (AES), ion chromatography and ion-selective electrode has been developed for the determination of water-soluble and dilute-acid soluble components. Several metallic elements were detected and determined in organic solvent-soluble components by ICP-AES.Some compounds in the extraction residues were determined by a combined method of heavy liquid separation and X-ray diffractometry. A simple preparation method of thin-layr standard samples with activated carbon for X-ray spectrometry has been developed and successfully applied to the multi-element determination of airborne particulate matter and its extraction residues. Furthermore, a thermal method has been developed for the fractional determination of elemental carbon and total soluble and insoluble organic compounds in airborne particulate matter. The systematic state analysis of airborne particulate matter can be attained by a combination of these developed methods.