Syntheses and properties of hybrid surfactants

合成了6种1-氧代-1- [（4-氟烷基）苯基] -2-烷磺酸盐[F（CF2）nC 6 H4 COCH（SO 3 Na）（CH 2）m，n= 4，6，m= 2，4，6]。这些表面活性剂以54-85%的产率获得，并且性质为白色粉末。混合表面活性剂的溶液性质已被测量的Krafft点，表面张力，正辛烷/水和水/全氟正己烷的界面张力，胶束的聚集数。随着碳氟化合物和/或碳氢化合物链长的增加，胶束的克拉夫点（Krafft point）、分子在空气/水和辛烷/水界面上所占的面积以及胶束的聚集数增加，而临界胶束浓度（cmc）、表面张力和临界胶束浓度下的辛烷/水界面张力则随着碳氟化合物和/或碳氢化合物链长的增加而减小。发现这些表面活性剂同时表现出较低的表面张力和烃/水和氟碳/水界面张力，并且使得可以将表面活性剂水溶液漂浮在烃物质如苯上。

Six hybrid surfactants, 1-oxo-1- [(4-fluoroalkyl) phenyl] -2-alkanesulfonates, [F (CF_2)_nC_6H_4COCH (SO_3Na) (CH_2)_m, n=4,6, m=2,4,6], were synthesized. These surfactants were obtained in 54-85% yields and the properties were white powder. Solution properties of hybrid surfactants have been measured in terms of Krafft point, surface tension, n-octane/water and water/perfluoro-n-hexane interfacial tension, and aggregation number of micelles. The Krafft point, the area occupied by a molecule at the air/water and octane/water interfaces, and the aggregation number of micelles increase with an increase of fluorocarbon and/or hydrocarbon chain length, while critical micelle concentration (cmc), surface tension, and octane/water interfacial tension at the cmc decrease with an increase of fluorocarbon and/or hydrocarbon chain length. These surfactants are found to exhibit lower surface tension and hydrocarbon/water and fluorocarbon/water interfacial tension at the same time and make it possible to float a surfactant aqueous solution on a hydrocarbon substance such as benzene.