Ecological strategy for regulating carbon and nitrogen balance in plants.

调节植物碳氮平衡的生态策略。

• 批准号: 07660073
• 负责人: SHINANO Takuro
• 金额: $ 1.28万
• 依托单位: HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1996
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07660073/
• 关键词: Higher plants; Photosynthesis; Carbon; Nitrogen; C; N balance; Leaf longevity; 炭素-窒素相互関係; 植物系統樹; 栄養生態学; 窒素栄養; 植物栄養学; 光合成能

Ontogenetic changes of photosynthesis (Pnet) of individual leaf were examined in relation with nitrogen content (Nc, mg g^<-1>) in individual leaf. During the lag phase of NC at the leaf expanding stage, CFR (net carbon flux rate) related negatively to Nc. since Pnet relates to photosynthates translocation from leaf (CFR,which was estimated by using isotope technique), it was assumed that CFR could be an indicator of net carbon efflux rate from leaf. After the lag phase of Nc, as Pnet related positively to Nc, CFR could be ascribed as follows ; CFR=CfxNc+CFR_0, where Cf and CFR_0 are coefficients. Therefore, Cf is coefficient of carbohydrate translocation rate per unit Nc. Nc is also expressed as a function of time as follows ; Nc= (Nc_0-Ncd) x exp (-Nf x t) +Ncd, where Nf is noefficient, t is days after leaf emergence, Nc_0 is the Cn of leaf at emergence, and Ncd is the Nc of dead leaf. Then net nitrogen exchange rate (NFR) is calculated as NFR=DELTANc/DELTAt=-Nfx (Nc-Ncd). Therefore, Nf is coefficient for nitrogen translocation rate per unit Nc.Thus, it is hypothesized that Cf and Nf are indicators for carbon and nitrogen efflux from individual leaf (carbon and nitrogen efflux rate per unit Nc), respectively. Cf (or DMf) increased exponentially with the increase of Nf, indicating that the net efflux of carbon and nitrogen interrelate closely. Accordingly, since Nf indicates net nitrogen efflux rate per unit Nc, CFR is regulated not only by Nc, but also by net nitrogen efflux (Nf) from individual leaf.

研究了叶片光合作用（Pnet）的个体发生变化与叶片含氮量（Nc，mg g^）的关系<-1>。在展叶期氮素释放滞后期，净碳通量与氮素呈负相关。由于Pnet与叶片光合产物转运（CFR）有关，因此可以认为CFR可以作为叶片净碳流出速率的指标。在Nc滞后期后，由于Pnet与Nc正相关，CFR可归结为：CFR=CfxNc+CFR_0，其中Cf和CFR_0为系数。因此，Cf是每单位Nc的碳水化合物转运率系数。Nc也表示为时间的函数：Nc=（Nc_0-Ncd）× exp（-Nf × t）+Ncd，其中Nf是无效的，t是叶片出苗后的天数，Nc_0是出苗时叶片的Cn，Ncd是死叶的Nc。然后，净氮交换率（NFR）计算为NFR=DELTANc/DELTAt=-Nfx（Nc-Ncd）。因此，Nf是单位Nc的氮转运率系数，因此，假设Cf和Nf分别是单个叶片的碳和氮流出量（单位Nc的碳和氮流出率）的指标。Cf（或DMf）随Nf的增加呈指数增加，表明碳氮净流出量密切相关。因此，由于Nf表示每单位Nc的净氮流出速率，所以CFR不仅受Nc调节，而且受来自单个叶片的净氮流出（Nf）调节。

项目成果

T.Shinano et al.: "Problems in the methodsof eatimation of growth and maintenance respiration." Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 42・4. 773-784 (1996)

T. Shinano 等：“生长和维持呼吸的方法问题”42・4（1996）。

M. Osaki: "A root-shoot interaction hypothesis for high productivity of root crops" Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 42・2. 289-301 (1996)

M. Osaki：“根茎作物高产的根茎相互作用假说”《土壤科学与植物营养》42・2（1996）。

T.Shinano et al.: "Dimethylsulfoxide method for the extraction of chlorophylls a and b from the leaves of wheat, field bean, dwarf bamboo, and oak." Phytosynthetica. 32・3. 409-415 (1996)

T. Shinano 等人：“从小麦、蚕豆、矮竹和橡树的叶子中提取叶绿素 a 和 b 的二甲基亚砜方法” 32・3 (1996)。

T.Shinano et al.: "Comparison of growth efficiency between rice and soybean at the vegetative growth stage." Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 41・3. 471-480 (1995)

T. Shinano 等：“水稻和大豆在蔬菜生长阶段的生长效率比较。” 41・3（1995）。

T. Shinano: "Dimethylsulfoxide method for the extraction of chlorophylls a and b from the leaves of wheat, field bean, dwarf bamboo, and oak" Photosynthetica. 32・3. 409-415 (1996)

T. Shinano：“从小麦、蚕豆、矮竹和橡树叶中提取叶绿素 a 和 b 的二甲亚砜方法” Photosynthetica 32・3 (1996)。