Morphological and histological analysis of cardiovascular anomalies in congenital heart disease model rat embryos raised in whole embryo culture

1.双二胺处理大鼠胚胎心血管畸形的发生双二胺给孕鼠可引起法洛四联症、腹间隔缺损和动脉干未闭等心血管畸形。然而，SD大鼠和Wister大鼠的发病率是不同的。结果：1.孕9.5、10.5和11日龄SD和Wistar孕鼠单次注射200 mg双二胺后，心血管异常发生率分别为35.1%、64.1%和10.5%，100%、92.8%和45.6%。双二胺处理和对照全胚胎培养大鼠胚胎心脏的形态和组织学分析。妊娠10.5天的Wistar大鼠单次注射双二胺200 mg。在注射双二胺后6小时取出胚胎，按照New等人(1973)描述的程序立即培养24小时和48小时。(1)形态分析：n个…培养24小时后，双二胺处理的胚胎与对照胚胎的发育和形态有更多的差异。然而，培养48h后，双二胺处理的胚胎与对照胚胎相比，主干脊线发育较差。(2)组织学分析：培养48h后，双二胺处理组胚胎的主干脊线发育不良，HNK-1和N-CAM免疫反应阳性的间充质细胞较对照胚胎明显减少。此外，在双二胺处理组胚胎培养24或48小时后，未检测到HNK-1或N-CAM免疫反应链，HNK-1或N-CAM免疫反应链从神经脊经3、4和6主动脉弓到达动脉干。这些结果表明，双二胺阻止神经脊细胞正常迁移到心脏或转化为干间充质细胞，导致干异常分裂和随后的心脏缺陷伴干畸形。较少

1. Incidence of cardiovascular anomalies in bis-diamine treated rat embryos A bis-diamine administration to pregnant rats could induce cardiovascular anomalies including tetralogy of Fallot, ventral septal defect and patent truncus arteriosus. However, the incidence was different between Sprague-Dawley (SD) and Wister rats. When a single dose of 200 mg bis-diamine was administered to 9.5,10.5 and 11 pregnant day SD and Wister mother rats, the incidences of cardiovascular anomalies were 35.1%, 64.1% and 10.5%, and 100%, 92.8% and 45.6%, respectively.2. Morphological and histological analysis of the heart in Bis-diamin treated and control rat embryos raised in whole embryo culture. Single dose of 200 mg bis-diamine was administered to the pregnant Wister rats on 10.5 pregnant day. The embryos were removed at 6 hours after bis-diamine administration and immediately cultured for 24 and 48 hours following the procedures described by New et al (1973). (1) Morphological analysis : There was n … More o difinite developmental and morphological difference between bis-diamine-treated and control embryos after 24 hours culture. However, poor development of the truncal ridges could be observed in bis-diamine treated embtryos after 48 hours culture, when compared with control embyos. (2) Histological analysis : In the poorly developed truncal ridges of the bis-diamine treated embryos after 48 hours culture, there were less HNK-1 or N-CAM immunoreactive mesenchymal cells in comparison with control embryos. Furthermore, a HNK-1 or N-CAM immunoreactive chain from the neural crest to the truncus arteriosus via the 3rd, 4th and 6th aortic arches, which was clearly recognized in the control embryos after 24 or 48 hours culture, could not be detected in the bis-diamine treated ones. These findings suggested that bis-diamine prevented neural crest cells from normal migration into the heart or transformation into truncal mesenchymal cells, inducing abnormal truncal division and subsequent cardiac defects with truncal anomalies. Less