权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Preliminary study on development of autonomy in terms of children's abilities in spatial coping.

儿童空间应对能力自主发展的初步研究

基本信息

批准号：
07801017
负责人：
NEGAYAMA Koichi
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
Waseda University (1996)Mukogawa Women's University (1995)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07801017/
关键词：
maigo young children development of autonomy space accident avoidance of obstacle body earthquake 質問紙調査実験空間対処能力

项目摘要

This research is concerned with development of autonomy in terms of children's abilities in spatial coping. We have focused on accident and 'maigo' (to be lost) among children.Children's accidents were found most frequent at three years of age, but serious aceidents very often occurred during the first year of life, too. Tytical serious accidents in the youngest age were burn and swallowing. In our perception, house is a place for a safe child-rearing, but it is also a place of serious injury. Presence of adults near the children is not necessarily effective in preventing these accidents. An experimental study showed that 4-year-olds did not avoid an obstacle well when walking, whereas 5-vear-olds became careful not to fall. It was found that the children's behaviors in active and passive avoidances were very different.Two researches, one is an investigation and the other is an experiment, were conducted to get information about maigo. From the investigation for 1319 parents, the 43% children have experienced maigo ; 3-year-old children are easy to be maigo ; boys are easier to be maigo than girls ; almost all the maigo occured in large-sized supermarkets of department-stores. The experiment was executed in order to specify a cause of maigo with 4-year-old kindergarteners. While a subject walked in a toy-house, experimenters recorded his/her bevavior. Obvlous relations between maigo and performances in the experiment were not trcognized. For this result.complex reasons to the occurrence of maigo were discussed.

本研究从儿童空间应对能力的角度探讨了自主性的发展。我们关注的是儿童的意外事故和“maigo”（走失）。儿童的意外事故在三岁时最常见，但严重的意外事故也经常发生在生命的第一年。最小年龄组的严重事故主要是烧伤和吞咽。在我们的认知中，房子是一个安全的育儿场所，但它也是一个严重伤害的场所。成年人在儿童附近并不一定能有效防止这些事故。一项实验研究表明，4岁的孩子在行走时不能很好地避开障碍物，而5岁的孩子则变得很小心，以免摔倒。结果发现，儿童在主动回避和被动回避中的行为有很大的不同。通过对1319名家长的调查，发现43%的儿童有过“舞妓”经历，3岁儿童易“舞妓”，男孩比女孩易“舞妓”，“舞妓”几乎都发生在大型超市或百货商店。该实验是为了指定一个原因maigo与4岁的冷冻剂。当受试者在玩具屋中行走时，实验者记录他/她的行为。实验中未发现舞妓与成绩的明显关系。针对这一结果，讨论了麦蛾发生的复杂原因。